'"-^  ^^'V> 


iMAG^  EVALUATION 
TEST  TAStGET  (MT-3) 


1.0 


I.I 


11.25 


l£|Z8     I 

■  50     "=""        llllll 


iiiii 


lAO 


1.4 


6" 


1.6 


pm 


<W> 


V. 


r 


/: 


e: 


ej 


C/ 


•^4.^ 


^r 


Photographic 

Sciences 

Corporation 


V 


Cv 


c1>^ 


<v 


fv 


6^ 


«■ 


23  WIST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580 

(716)  872-4503 


^ 


'^^ 


^'.^ 


.V 


^ 


<;. 


% 


V   o 


>>  •5' 


'^ 


r^ 


CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHM/ICIVIH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  /  Institut  Canadian  de  microreproductions  historiques 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes/Notes  techniques  et  bibliographiques 


The  Institute  has  attempted  to  obtain  the  best 
original  copy  available  for  filming.  Features  of  this 
copy  which  may  be  bibliographically  unique, 
which  may  alter  any  of  the  images  in  the 
reproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  change 
the  usual  method  of  filming,  are  checked  below. 


D 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  coulbur 


j      I    Covers  damaged/ 


Couverture  endommag6e 

Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couverture  restaur^e  et/ou  pellicul6e 


I      I    Cover  title  nissing/ 


Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 


□    Coloured  maps/ 
Cartes  gdographiques  en  couleur 

□    Coloured  ink  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  blacSt;/ 
Encre  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 

□    Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations/ 
Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  couleur 

r~l/Bound  with  other  material/ 
l2u    Relid  av3c  d  autres  documents 

□    Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

La  reliure  serree  peut  causer  de  i'ombre  ou  de  la 
distortion  le  long  de  la  marge  intdrieure 

□    Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
H  se  peut  que  csrtaines  pages  blanches  ajout^es 
lors  dune  restauration  apparaissent  dans  le  texte, 
mais,  lorsque  cela  ^tait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  6td  f ilmdes. 

□    Additional  comments:/ 
Commentaires  supplimentaires; 


L'Institut  a  microfilm^  le  meilleur  exemplaiie 
qu'il  lui  a  itti  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  details 
de  cet  exemplaire  qui  sont  peut-dtre  uniques  du 
point  de  vue  bibliographique,  qui  peuvent  modifier 
une  image  reproduite,  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  la  m6thode  normale  de  filmage 
sont  indiqu^s  ci-dessous. 


I      1    Coloured  pages/ 


Pages  de  couleur 

Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommagdes 


□    Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Pages  restaur^es  et/ou  pellicul6es 


Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 
Pages  d6color6es,  tachetdes  ou  piqu^es 


□    Pages  detached/ 
Pages  d^tach^es 

SShowthrough/ 
Transparence 

□    Quality  of  print  varies/ 
Quality  indgale  de  limi 


mpression 


ndgak 

suppli 
Comprend  du  materiel  supplementaire 

Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  Edition  disponible 


I      I    Includes  supplementary  material/ 
I      I    Only  edition  available/ 


□    Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc.,  have  been  refilmed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Les  pages  totalement  ou  partiellement 
obscurcies  par  un  feuillet  d'errata,  une  pelure, 
etc.,  ont  6t6  film^es  d  nouveau  de  fagon  d 
obtenir  la  msilleure  image  possible. 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  filmd  au  taux  de  reduction  indiqui  ci-dessous. 

10X  14X  18X  22X 


26X 


30X 


/ 


12X 


16X 


20X 


24X 


28X 


n 

32X 


The  copy  filmed  here  has  been  reproduced  thanks 
to  the  generosity  of: 

Library, 

Goalogicai  Survey  of  Canada 


L'exemplaire  filmd  fut  reproduit  grfice  d  la 
g6n6rosit6  de: 

Bibliothdque, 

Commission  Guologique  du  Canada 


The  images  appearing  here  are  the  best  quality 
possible  considering  the  condition  and  legibilitv 
of  the  original  copy  and  in  keeping  with  the 
filming  contract  specifications. 


Original  copies  in  printed  paper  covers  are  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  last  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, or  the  back  cover  when  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copies  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, and  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustrated  impression. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
ahall  contain  the  symbol  —^-(meaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  the  symbol  V  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 

Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc.,  may  bo  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  be  ttom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  folio  A/ing  diagram»  iilurtrate  the 
method: 


Les  imi^ges  suivantes  ont  6t6  reproduites  avec  le 
plus  grand  soin,  compte  tenu  de  la  condition  et 
de  la  nettet6  de  l'exemplaire  filmd,  et  en 
conformity  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  de 
filmage. 

Les  exemplaires  originaux  dont  la  couverture  en 
papier  est  imprim6e  sont  filmte  en  comrnengant 
par  le  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  soit  par  la 
dernidre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreir.te 
d'impression  ou  d'it^ustration,  soit  par  le  second 
plat,  salon  le  cas.  Tous  les  autres  exemplaires 
originaux  sont  filmic  en  commenpant  par  la 
premidre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'HIustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  dernidre  page  qui  comporte  una  telle 
empreinte. 

Un  des  symboles  suivants  apparaitra  sur  la 
dernidre  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbole  — ►  signifie  "A  SUIVRE",  le 
symbole  V  signifie  "FIN". 

Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc..  peuvent  dtre 
filn(6s  d  des  taux  de  reduction  diffdrenjs 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  dtre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  clich6,  il  est  film6  d  partir 
de  Tangle  supdrieur  gauche,  de  gauche  d  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bas,  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'images  n^cessaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  m^thcde 


1 

2 

3 

1  2  3 

4  5  6 


."«aM 


aBSBFSJSBem'il    ■"«-•■; 


,0<^vcy 


X 


BULLETINS  ^-^;>\,<!. 


OP 


y 


AMERICAN 


PALEONTOLOGY 


Vo;..   II 


Dec.  'p6  —  Mar.  *p8 


Cornell  Univ.,  Ithaca,  N.  Y. 
Harris  Company. 


CONTENTS  OF  VOL.  H. 


Bull.  No.  6.— The  Relation  of  the  Fauna  of  the  Ithaca 
Group  to  the  Faunas  of  the  Portage 
and   Chemung,    By  E.  M.  Kindle.  Map.  PI.  i,    Page    1-56 

7._The  Bibliography  of  the  Geological,  Miner- 
alogical  and  Paleontological  Literature 
of  the  State  of  Virginia,  By  T,  L. 
Watson • 57-166 

8._N((te8  on  Eocene  Mullusca,  with  Descrip- 
tions of  Some  New  Species,  By  T.  H. 
Ai^DRiCH ^-6.  167-192 

9.-The  Lignitic  Stage,  Part  I;  Stratigraphy 

and  Pelecypoda,  By  G.  D.  Harris 7-20  193-294 

10.— The  Tertiary  and  Pleistocene  Foraminifera 
ofthe  Middle  Atlantic  §lope,  By  R.   M. 
BAGC.jR 21-23  295-348 

Index  to  Vol.  II 349-362 


'SOGO 


■AM 


f 


J 


*1^<')-»^ 


r-^^a^. 


■''  Hs^ 


■^  :^N  ' ' 


Tribh: 


//  lypical  Ithaca  Croup  exposure 
vSee  pp.  iS-19,  stations  9,  10,  11. 

riwto  hy  J.  O.  Martiv. 


Vol.  a 


BUI^LETINS 


OF 


AMERICAN    PAI.BONTOI.OGY 


No.  6 

THE  RELATION  OF  THE  FAUNA  OF  THE  ITHACA 

GROUP  TO  THE  FAUNAS  OF  THE 

PORTAGE  AND  CHEWIUNG 


BY 


Edward  M.  Ktndlr 


December  25,  1896 


Itliaca,  N.  Y. 
IT.  S.  A. 


M 


THE   RPXATION   OF  THE    FAUNA   OF    THE    ITHACA 

GRIUP    TO    THE    FAUNAS    OF    THE 

PORTAGE  AND   CHEMUNG. 


HY 


E.  M.  Kindle, 


SC^A/A/.^/^y  OF  CONTENTS. 

PART  I 5-15 

Introduction 5 

Brief  Review  oe  the  Study  of  the  Upper  De- 
vonian IN  New   York 5-15 

PART  II 16-32 

The  Ithaca  Sections 16 

Section  I,  Fall  Creek:  Station  /,  17;  ^,  17;  j, 
17;^,  18;  .fa,  18;  5b,  18; /5,  18;  7,  18;  8,  18;  9,  18;  ro 
&//,  [9;  /2,  19;  /J.  19 17-19 

Section  II,  Cascadilla  Creek:  Station  /,  20;  2, 

20;  J  &  4,  20;  5,  20;  6,  20;  7,  20;  S,  21;   p,  21;    /n,  21 ; 

//  &  12,  21;  /J,  21;  14,  21;  /J,  22;  /6,  22;  /7  &  iS,  22.20-22 

Section  III,  University,  McGraw  and  Cor- 
nell Quarries:   Station  /,  22;  2,  23;  j,  23 22-23 

Section  IV,  Williams  Creek:  Station  /,  23;  2, 

23;  .?  &  /.  23;  5,  23;  6,  24;  7,  24 23-24 

Section  V,  Quarries  near  Six-mile  Creek: 

Station  /,  24;  2,  24;  j,  24;  4,  25;  5,  2;;  <5,  25;  7,  25. ...24-25 
Section  VI,  Buttermilk  Creek:  Station  /,  26; 

^,  26;  J,  27;  ^,  27;  5.  27;  <5,  27;  7,  27 26-27 

Section  VII,  McKinney's  Station:  Station  i, 

27;  2,  28;  J.  28;  /,  28;  5,  28;  6,  28\  7,  29;  S,  29;  /o, 

r'  29;  //,  29 27-29 


niTMT^'Vl 


y 


V. 


4  HULI.KTIN    6  4 

*  Section  VIII,  Glenwood:   Sfathm  /,  30;  2,  30; 

.?.  3^-:  i'.  30;  5.  3<^> 30 

Section  IX,  Ren  wick  Brook:  Sfafhw  /,  31;  ^, 

31;  J,  31:  /.  31;  .7.  31;  '''  «:  7.  31 31 

Section  X,  Newfield  Creek:   Station  / ,  31;  2, 

32;  .?,  32;  ^,  32;  .f.  32;  ''^  32;  7.  32 31-32 

Taiile  Showixc.  thk  Ranc.k  of  Somk  ok  thk  Spk- 

CIEvS   OF   THE     PoRTA(;E    AND    ItAaCA    FaVNAS    AT    ITH- 
ACA, N.  V opp.       32 

PART   III -,3-47 

List  of  vSpectes  Occi'hrinc;  in  the   Portacje  and 

Ith  AC  a  (  tRoups 33-47 

CcRlenterata 33 

Echinodermata 33-34 

Molluscoidea  and  Mollusca:   HrachidixKla,  34- 

38;    Pterop«da,   38;    (Tastro[K>da,   38-39;    Cephalopoda. 

39-40;   Pelecypoda,  40-46 34-4^ 

Crustacea 46 

Vetrebrata:  Pisces,  46 46 

Plantae 47 

Typical  Chemttnc.   Fauna 47 

PART   IV 4«-54 

Summary. 48-49 

A  LIvSTofthe  more  important  Papers  and  Works 

con.sulted,in  thk  preparation  (!f  this  work 49-54 

Plate  and   Explanation ...      56 


Ithaca  Group 


:':%  V- '■■.'■■...,  PART   I. 

Introduction. 

The  more  recent  .studies  of  the  Upper  Devonian  in  New  York 
have  shown  that  some  of  its  five  divisions  are  closely  related  to 
each  other  by  their  fossil  remains.  Some  of  the  most  characfler- 
istic  fo.ssils  of  one  group  often  begin  to  appear  in  the  formation 
just  below  it.  and  to  continue,  though  less  abundantly,  into  the 
succeeding  horizon.  It  is  for  this  reason  often  difficult  to  decide 
whether  a  group  is  more  closely  related  to  the  beds  above  or  be- 
low it.  In  the  case  of  that  at  Ithaca,  opposite  views  have  been 
held  by  the  two  paleontologists  best  acquainted  with  it  at  the 
typical  locality — Prof.  Hall  including  it  in  the  Chemung  and 
D'\  Williams  placing  it  wi.h  the  Portage. 

The  present  paper  has  to  offer  such  data  and  conclusions  on 
the  relations  wiilch  these  faunas  sustain  to  each  other  as  the 
writer  has  been  able  to  gather  from  the  detailed  study  of  sever- 
al j-e(5tions  near  Ithaca.  All  of  the  material  collecled  during 
this  study  has  been  presented  to  Cornell  University  and  may 
be  found  catalogued  in  the  Paleontological  Museum. 

Brief  Review  of  the  Study  of  the  Upper   Devonian  in 

New  York. 

The  basis  of  the  present  classification  and  division  of  the  New 
York  Devonian  was  developed  by  the  geologists  of  the  New 
York  Survey — Hall,  Vanuxem,  Conrad  and  Emmons — during 
the  first  ten  years  of  its  existence. 

The  firsi  attempt  to  determine  the  age  of  the  New  York  De- 
vonian by  means  of  its  fossil  remains  was  made  by  Prof.  Tas. 
Hall,  who  .stated  in  1838  that  he  considered  "the  rocks  of  the 
4th  Distri(5\  as  belonging  to  the  Old  Red  sandstone  and  the  Car- 
boniferous group  and  to  be  above  the  Silurian  system  of  Mr. 
Murchi.son."^^ 

Prof.  Hall  first  introduced  the  term  Ithaca  group  in  1839.! 
As  originally  defined  by  him  it  included  the  rocks  about  the 
.south  end  of  Cayuga  Lake  lying  bctwepn  the  Genesee  shale,  or 
Black  shale  as  it  was  first  called,  and  the  Chemung. 

In  the  Report    for  1840,^  Lardner  Vanuxem   gave  the  name 

*2<1  Aiin'l  Rep'l  4th  Geol.  Dist.,  p.  291,  183.S.        ..--.„    _ 

t3<'i  .Xnn'l  Rep't  4th  Geol.  Dist.,  p.  :\i8,  1839, 
t:"4th  Ann'l  Rep't  ^d  Geol.  Dist.,  p.  381,  1840. 


I  N 


6 


Bulletin  6 


i 


11 1 


Sherburne  flagstone  to  the  lower  part  of  Hall's  Ithaca  group. 
His  classification  of  the  Upper  Devonian  of  New  York  was  as 
follows: — 

Tully  limestone. 

Black  shale. 

Sherburne  flagstone. 

Ithaca  group. 

Chemung  group. 

Montrose  sandstone  or  sandstone  of  Oneonta. 

In  his  Report  for  the  4th  Di.stri(5l,*  Prof  Hall  states  that  in 
the  Genesee  valley  the  Ithaca  group  and  the  Tully  limestone 
are  wanting.     He  recognized  there  the  following  formations: — 

Portage  g''oup. 
Gardeau  group. 
Cashaqua  shale. 
Encrinal   limestone. 

In  1 842  the  geologists  of  the  3d  and  4th  Distri(5ls  had  reached 
opposite  views  as  to  the  relation  of  the  Ithaca  group  to  the  for- 
mations above  and  below  it.  Mr.  Vanuxem  states  t  that  he  had 
intended  uniting  the  Sherburne  and  Ithaca  groups  into  one, 
while  Mr.  Hall  wished  to  unite  the  Ithaca  and  Chemung. 
Vanuxem,  however,  retained  the  origmal  arrangement,  only  sub- 
stituting the  name  Portage  or  Nunda  group  v.hich  Hall  had 
u.sed  in  western  New  York  for  Sherburne.  No  distin(5t  line  of 
division  is  indicated  by  Vanuxem  between  the  Ithaca  group 
and  the  Portage  below  or  the  Chemung  above.  In  the  Report 
for  1842,]:  Vanuxem  introduced  the  term  "  New  York  System" 
to  include  all  of  the  New  York  formations  from  the  Potsdam 
sandstone  to  the  Chemung  inclusive.  The  following  is  his 
clas.sification  of  the  upper  part  of  the  New  York  System: — 

Catskill  group. 

Chemung  group. 
Ithaca  group. 
Portage  group. 
Genesee  slate. 
Tully  limestone. 
Hamilton  group. 
Marcellus  shales. 

Prof.  Hall  united  the  Ithaca  group  with  the  Chenuuig  in  the 

*4th  Ann'l  Rep't  4th  (ieol.  Dist.,  p.  390,  1840,  -y,  .--..-^l^:': 

t  Final  Rep't  Surv.  of  y\  (leol.  Dist.,  p.  171,  1842.  '<  * 

t  Final  Rep't  Surv.  of  "v^  ^^eol.  Disl.,  p.  13,  1842.  ---— — -i;  - 


New  York  System. — Erie  division.     - 


?% 


?a  ^roup. 
\k  was  as 


;s  that  in 
limestone 
knations: — 


ad  reached 
to  the  for- 
lat  he  had 
into  one, 
Chemung. 
:,  only  sub- 
i  Hall  had 
in{5l  line  of 
liaca  group 
the  Report 
k  System" 
le  Potsdam 
r'mg  is  his 
stem: — 


group. 

3Up. 

roup. 

late. 

estone. 

group. 

shales. 

uuig  in  the 


i'. 


Ithaca  Group 


Report  for  1843  and  made  the  following  classification: 


O   g 

I- 


.0 
> 

V 


Chemung  group. 
Portage  or  Nunda  group. 
Genesee  slate. 
Tully  limestone. 

Hamilton  group -j  Encrinal  limetone. 

Marcellus  slate.  (  Ludlowville  .shales. 


(  Portage  sandstone. 
^  Gardeau  flagstone. 
(  Cashaqua  shale. 
M0.SCOW  shales. 


\ 


Hall  states  as  the  reason  for  uniting  the  Ithaca  and  Chemung, 
the  impos.sibility  of  distinguishing  them  by  any  charadleristic 
fossils.  In  the  valley  of  the  Genesee  river  Prof.  Hall  found  the 
three  divisions  of  the  Portage  distin(5l  and  well  marked,  but 
toward  the  south  end  of  Cayuga  lake  he  considered  them  scarce- 
ly distinguishable.  He  considered  the  Portage  fossils  entirely 
distindl  from  those  above,  and  states*  that  he  never  saw  one  of 
the  Portage  fossils  in  the  higher  group.  As  will  be  shown 
later,  this  opinion  was  due  to  the  lack  of  an  intimate  knowledge 
of  these  faunas. 

The  classification  of  the  Upper  Devonian  in  eastern  New  York 
has  been  attended  with  much  difficulty.  The  absence  or  .scarcity 
of  fossils  in  much  of  the  series  in  that  part  of  the  State  made 
its  correlation  with  the  well  defined  faunas  to  the  west  difficult 
and  uncertain. 

Vanuxem  in  1840  recognized  t  a  formation  in  the  3d  Distridl 
which  he  considered  distincfl  from  the  Chemung  and  more  re- 
cent. He  called  this  the  "  Montro.se  .sandstone"  from  the  town 
of  Montrose  in  Pennsylvania  where  it  is  well  developed. 

Mather  included  all  of  the  rocks  of  the  Catskill  mountains  in 
his  "Cat.skill  Mountain  Series"  which  he  subdivided  as  fol- 
lows t: — 

1 .  Conglomerates  and  grits. 

(  Red   and    gray  grits  with  red  shales  mottled   with  green 

2.  I  .spots. 

(  Montro.se  sandstone  of  Prof.  Vanuxem. 

3.  Chemung   group  of  Prof.  Vanuxem. 

4.  Ithaca  group  of  Prof.  Vanuxem. 
Sherburne  flags. 


5- 
6. 

7- 
8. 


Hamilton  group. 
Marcellus  shales. 


*Geol.  of  N.  Y..  I'art  4,  p.  229,  1843. 

t4th  Ann'l  Rep't  vl  ti<-*ol.  Di-st..  p.  381,  1840. 

t-jth  Ann'l  Rep't  Kst  Geol.  Dist.,  p.  77,  1841.    _  __ 


_e8JiQ_ 


_J__ 


I 

I  I 

i       p 

I     ■ 
1      r 


Bulletin  6 


■|^ 


I  I 


In  his  final  Reix)rt*  Vanuxeni  used  the  term  "Catskill  group" 
for  the  uppermost  member  of  the  New  York  System  which  he 
had  previously  called  Montrose  sandstone.  The  Catskill  group 
continued  to  be  regarded  for  several  years  as  distin<5l  from  and 
subsequent  in  time  of  deposition  to  the  Chemung. 

The  preliminary  work  of  the  classification  of  the  New  York 
strata  according  to  their  organic  contents  into  the  groups  which 
have  since  been  recognized  as  the  paleontolgic  units  for  the 
United  States  was  completed  with  the  publication  of  the  final 
reports  of  the  different  districts  from  1840  to  1843. 

In  1847  Edward  de  Verneuil  visited  America  and  correlated 
the  divisions  of  the  New  York  System  with  the  European  for- 
mations. +  The  divisions  of  the  Erie  and  the  five  superior  divis- 
ions of  the  Helderl)erg  he  correlated  with  the  Devonian  of  Eng- 
land. He  proposed  to  combine  the  Marcellus  shale,  Hamilton 
group  and  Tully  limestone  into  one  division,  and  the  Portage 
and  Chemung  groups  into  a  second  division  of  the  Devonian. 

The  di.scovery  in  the  year  i86_'  of  fish  bones  of  a  chara(5leristic 
Catskill  species  associated  with  Chemung  fossils  in  the  Catskill 
rocks  created  doubt  as  to  the  superior  position  of  those  deposits. 
Col.  E.  Jewett  declared  his  belief  that  there]:  "is  no  Old  Red 
sandstone  in  the  State."  Prof.  Hall  was  led  by  the  same  fa(5t 
to  modify  his  views  of  the  extent  of  the  Catskill  group.  He 
expressed  the  opinion  that  the  "greater  part  of  the  area  colored 
on  the  geological  map  of  New  York  as  Catskill  group  is  in  fa(5l 
occupied  by  the  Portage  and  Chemung.  "J^ 

A  comparative  study  of  the  Upper  Devonian  faunas  of  New 
York  led  Prof.  H.  S.  Williams  to  consider  the  Chemung  and 
Catskill  as  contemporaneous  formations.  |i 

In  his  vice-presidential  address^  in  1891  Prof.  J.  J.  Stevenson 
reviewed  in  detail  the  evidence  bearing  on  the  relation  of  the 
Catskill  to  the  Chenumg  and  their  extent.  He  considered  the 
Catskill  and  Chennnig  to  have  been  deposited  synchronously  in 
a  shallow  basin  subsiding  most  rapidly  to  the  east. 

Mr.  N.  H.  Darton  proposed**  as  the  re.sult  of  .stratigraphical 
studies   in    the   Catskill    region    that    "Catskill"    Ix'   broadened 

*rTeol.  of  N.  Y.,  Pari  3,  p.  16,  1842.  , 

t  BuU.  (ieol.  Soc.  of  rrance,  2d  ser.,  vol.  iv.  M  ,  • '  '    :  ^ 

J  Am.  Jr.  Sci.,  2d  ser.,  vol.  xxxiv,  p.  418.  ^  ^  «  ^: 

-  -  JCan.  Nat.  and  Jr.  of  vSci.,  new  ser.,  vol.  vii,  p.  377.  ^--.-~-„    .  ,^„.^,^,^„ 
II  Bull.  U.  S.  (ieol.  Surv.,  No.  41.  '      ^     -     .      ,  .     v- 

f  Proc.  Am.  .\.s.soc.  Adv.  Sci.,  1891,  p.  241. 
**Am.  Jr.  Sci..  3d  vSer.,  vol.  xlv,  pp.  203-209. 


9  Ithaca  Group  9 

from  the  name  of  an  epoch  to  that  of  a  period,  and  that  it  in- 
clude the  Chemung  and  Portage  epochs.  This  suggestion  to 
substitute  the  name  of  a  local  formation  not  well  charadlerized 
paleontologically  for  one  of  wide  extent  with  a  very  distincflive 
fauna  like  the  Chemung  has  not  met  with  favor  and  has  been 
followed  by  no  other  writers. 

All  recent  studies  of  the  Catskill  group  go  to  show  that  it  is 
the  stratigraphic  equivalent  of  the  Upper  Devonian  of  the  cen- 
tral and  western  parts  of  the  vState. 

In  the  detailed  and  careful  study  of  the  relations  of  the  Upper 
Devonian  faunas  of  New  York,  Prof.  H.  S.  Williams  was  the 
leader;  and  to  hira  more  than  to  any  other  student,  paleontolo- 
gists are  indebLcd  for  our  present  knowledge  of  these  faunas. 
In  the  year  1894  ^^e  published  the  results  of  the  study  of  a  sec- 
tion from  Cayuga  lake  to  Bradford  county,  Pennsylvania.  The 
horizons  included  in  this  study  are  shown  in  the  following  sec- 
tion*:— 

Feet. 
XII.   Barclay  coal  bed. 
XI.  Pottsville  conglomerate. 

X.   Mauch  Chunk  Red  shale.    )■ 1000 

IX.   Pocono  Gray  sandstone. 
Catskill  Red  sandstone. 

Upper  Chemung  fauna  in  Penna.  (top  at  Ulster)...  300 
Typical  Chemung  fauna  (outcropping  in  the  vicini- 
ty of  State-line,  bottom  of  Chemung  Narrows,  N.  Y,  300 
Lower  Chemung  fauna  (bottom  outcrops  at  Caroline, 

Danby  and  Newfield) 600 

Upper  Portage  Sandstones  and  Shales  of  H.  S.  Wil- 
liams  '. 600 

(  Upper  Ithaca , 200 

Middle  Portage.  ]  Typical  Ithaca 100 

(Lower  Ithaca 150 

Lower  Portage  Sandstones  and  Shales 250 

,  Genesee  Shales ._  — - 

3500 

In  this  study  Dr.  Williams  attempted  to  discover  the  associa- 
tion of  the  species  in  faunas  and  the  relation  of  these  to  each 
other.  In  the  Portage  rocks  at  Ithaca  two  distin(5l  faunas  were 
recognized, — the  Cladoclionics  and  Spirifer  lavis, — and  the  rela- 
tion of   these  to  those  of  the   Ithaca   group  was   pointed   out.f 

*  Trans.  Am.  Inst.  Min.  Knj^neers,  vol.  xvi,  p.  945. 

t  Bull.  U.  S.  Geol.  Sun-. ,  No.  3,  p.  n .  -  r  r  - 


w 


■«>  1 


lO 


Bulletin  6 


X0 


In  the  Ithaca  group  Williams  recognized  five  faMnas — the  IJn- 
gula  complanata ,  Spirifer  Jimbriatux,  Spirifer  mesastnalis,  Rhyn- 
clionella  eximia  and  Spirifer  mesacostalis. 

The  Lingula  comp/anafa  fanna  is  a  recurrence  with  a  slight 
modification  of  the  fauna  found  in  the  Marcellus  shales  and  the 
Genesee  slate.  The  presence  of  this  fauna  and  the  recurrent 
Hamilton  species  in  the  Ithaca  fauna  he  considered  to  be  the 
result  of  a  shifting  of  Taunas, — new  conditions  and  faunas  driv- 
ing the  Hamilton  and  Marcellus  faunas  out  of  the  area  in  ques- 
tion and  permitting  them  to  return  at  intervals,  while  in  some 
areas  they  lived  on  continuously  undisturbed  by  new  conditions. 

Above  the  Ithaca  fauna  Williams  found  a  recurrent  Portage 
fauna  containing  Lunitlicardium  fragile  and  Cwlyptocardia  speciosa. 
The  occurrence  of  these  characteristic  Portage  species  above  the 
Ithaca  fauna  led  him  to  refer  it  to  the  Portage  group  instead 
of   the  Chemung  where  Hall  placed  it. 

In  western  New  York  the  studies  of  Williams  and  Clarke  have 
thrown  much  light  on  the  relations  of  the  Upper  Devonian 
faunas. 

In  1883  Prof.  Williams  publi.shed  a  paper*  on  a  peculiar  fauna 
in  Ontario  county  at  the  base  of  the  Chenunig  in  what  he  called 
the  Naples  beds.  In  this  fauna  he  found  a  majority  of  forms 
to  be  species  cliara<5leristic  of  the  Lime  Creek  beds  of  Iowa,  to- 
gether with  a  few  species  peculiar  to  the  Ithaca  and  Lime  Creek 
faunas.  He  therefore  correlated  the  fauna  of  the  Naples  beds 
with  the  Kinderhook  in  the  West  and  the  Ithaca  fauna  to  the 
east. 

In  Ontario  county,  Prof.  Clarke,  as^a  result  of  his  studies  (pub- 
li.shed in  1885!)  found  that  the  Portage  group,  as  originally  de- 
fined by  Hall,  includes  an  assemblage  of  unlike  faunas,  the  lower 
ones  being  closely  related  to  the  Genesee  or  Hamilton,  while  the 
upper  are  related  to  the  Chemung.  The  Cashaqua  and  Gardeau 
beds  of  Hall  he  includes  under  the  name  of  the  Naples  shales. 
Of  the  47  species  occurring  in  the  Naples  shales,  Clarke  finds 
that  34  per  cent,  occur  in  the  Genesee  shale  and  19  per  cent,  in 
the  Hamilton  proper,  while  but  2.1  percent,  occur  in  the  Port- 
age. He  concludes,  therefore,  that  the  Naples  beds  .should  be 
regarded  as  constituting  the  uppermost  meml)er  of  the  Hamil- 
ton, or  together  with  the  Genesee,  as  representing  a  di.stindt 
geological  epoch.         ^    ^  -  _,.^,,,-,^^^^^.^,^,^-^^_, 

—  *Am.  Jr.  Sci..  vol.  xxv,  p.  97.  '  Jl  l^T     I  _ 

t  Bull.  U.  vS.  Geol.  vSurv.,  No.  16.  "  " 


^' 


*•*'■ 


lO 


ZI 


Ithaca  Group 


1 1 


-the  Lin- 
lis,  Rhyn- 

\  a  slight 
:s  and  the 
recurrent 
to  be  the 
inas  driv- 
a  in  ques- 
in  some 
onditions. 
Portage 
a  speciosa. 
above  the 
ip  instead 

arke  have 
Devonian 

iliar  fauna 

he  called 

of   forms 

Iowa,  to- 

ime  Creek 

aples  beds 

ma  to  the 

dies  (pub- 
a^inally  de- 
,  the  lower 
,  while  the 
i  Gardeau 
les  shales, 
arke  finds 
•er  cent,  in 
the  Port- 
.should  be 
he  Hamil- 
a   distin<5l 


About  600  feet  of  sandstone  above  the  Naples  beds  are  re- 
ferred to  the  Portage.  Only  ten  species  have  been  found  in 
the  fauna  of  these  Portage  sandstones,  seven  of  which  are  com- 
mon to  the  Chemung. 

It  should  be  observed  that  ' '  Naples  beds' '  as  used  by  Williams 
and  Clarke  lepresent  entirely  different  horizons.  Prof.  Williams, 
who  introduced  the  term,  applied  it  to  a  horizon  "about  twelve 
hundred  feet  above  the  highest  Genesee  slate."*  Prof.  Clarke 
has  applied  the  same  term  to  a  portion  ot  Hall's  Portage  lying 
directly  above  the  Gene.see;  alx)ve  the  Naples  beds  of  Clarke  is 
the  Portage  sandstone  followed  by  the  High-point  bed,  which 
latter  is  equivalent  to  the  Naples  liorizon  of  Williams.  In  order 
to  avoid  confusion,  the  term  Naples  beds,  if  used,  should  at 
least  include  the  horizon  originally  designated  by  Williams. 

As  regards  the  absence  of  the  Ithaca  fauna  from  the  Upper 
Devonian  of  western  JCew  York,  the  results  of  Prof.  Williams' 
studies  of  the  Genesee  sedlionf  correspond  with  those  of  Clarke 
and  Williams  in  Ontario  county.  The  fauna  of  the  Portage 
group  of  the  Genesee  se(5lion  as  given  by  Prof.  Williams  is  very 
meagre  as  compared  with  the  Portage  as  developed  at  Ithaca, 
while  it  contains  some  of  the  more  charadleristic  fossils  found  at 
Ithaca,  as  Glyptocardia  speciosa  and  Lumilicardium  fragile.  Most 
of  the  species  which  at  Ithaca  are  common  to  the  Portage  and 
Ithaca  groups  are  absent  from  the  Portage  of  the  Genesse  sec- 
tion. Immediately  following  the  Portage,  Williams  finds  the 
typical  Chemung  fauna.  The  peculiarities  of  the  Chemung 
fauna  immediatety  above  the  Portage  fauna  indicate  that  it 
represents  a  later  stage  than  the  Ithaca  fauna.  At  Hornells- 
ville,  about  half  way  between  the  Genesee  and  Cayuga  sedlions, 
Orthis  tioga  of  the  Chemung,  and  the  Chemung  stage  of  Spiri- 
fer  mesacostalis  were  found  diredlly  above  shales  carrying  the 
Portage  Glyptocardia  fauna.  The  occurrence  in  the  western 
se(5lions,  immediately  above  the  Portage,  of  fossils  of  a  type 
which  in  the  eastern  sedlions  were  developed  after  the  Ithaca 
stage,  indicates  that  in  the  west  the  Portage  fauna  must  have 
continued  until  after  the  close  of  the  Ithaca  stage  in  the  east. 

Previous  to  his  study  of  the  Genesee  section,  Prof.  Williams 
made  a  comparative  study  of  ten  se(5lions  through  the  Upper 
Devonian.     These  extended  in  an  east  and  west  diredlion  from 


*Atn.  Jr.  Sci..  vol.  xxv,  p.  97,  1883. 
tBull.  U.  S.  Geol.  vSurv.,  No.  41. 


..-TL^r' 


12 


Bulletin  6 


19 


if! 


the  Cuyahoga  se(5lion  near  Cleveland,  Ohio,  to  the  Chenango 
section  of  the  Chenango  valley.  The  conclusions  which  Prof. 
Williams  reached  from  the  study  of  these  se(5\ions  regarding  the 
charav^^er  of  the  Portage,  he  expresses  as  follows*:  "The  Port- 
age rocks  and  their  faunas  are  comparatively  local,  belonging  to 
the  central  part  of  the  area,  the  fauna  failing  in  the  more  west- 
ern sections,  and  both  fauna  and  lithologic  characters  are  unrec- 
ognizable east  of  the  Cayuga  section." 

Concerning  the  differences  between  the  faunas  of  the  Portage 
horizon  and  the  Genesee  along  the  Cayuga  and  eastern  se(5lions 
he  says,+  "It  is  evident  from  the  study  of  the  sec5lions,  that  the 
interval  occupied  in  the  (xenesee  sec^lion  by  the  typical  Portage 
fauna  is  represented  in  the  Cayuga  section  by  an  entirely  differ- 
ent set  of  species,  while  still  farther  east  in  the  Chenango  and 
Unadilla  sections  the  same  interval  is  filled  by  a  preliminary 
stage  of  the  Catskill." 

The  views  which  Williams  held  of  the  relation  of  the  fauna 
of  the  Ithaca  group  to  its  antecedent  and  subsequent  faunas, 
he  states  as  follows:  "The  Ithaca  group  of  the  State  reports 
contains  faunas  which  I  have  defined  as  stages  in  the  successive 
modification  of  the  Hamilton  fauna.  This  set  of  faunas  differs 
from  the  Chemung  in  the  absence  of  several  of  its  common  and 
abundant  species  and  by  presenting  unmistakable  evidences  of 
earlier  stages  in  modification  of  species  which  are  near  enough 
alike  to  be  classified  under  the  same  specific  name,  "t 

The  Ithaca  fauna,  like  the  Portage,  Williams  considers  to 
have  a  limited  geographical  extent,  being  best  developed  in  the 
east,  and  blending  toward  the  west  with  the  Portage  fauna 
which  in  the  western  secf^ions  entirely  replaces  it.  The  transi- 
tion at  Hornellsville  from  the  Glyptocardia  fauna  of  the  Portage 
directly  to  the  lowest  true  Chemung  fauna  characflerized  by 
Orthis  tios^a  he  considers  evidence  that  the  Ithaca  group  has  no 
representative  in  the  region  west  of  there.  >^ 

The  correlation  of  the  Upper  Devonian  faunas  of  central  and 
eastern  New  York  with  those  of  the  more  western  has  been  at- 
tended with  considerable  difficulty  owing  to  the  changes  in  the 
several  faunas  in  passing  westward.  In  most  of  this  region  the 
TuUy  limestone  and  Genesee  shale  are  absent,  their  most  eastern 

*  Proc.  Am.  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci.,  vol.  xxxiv,  p.  233. 

t  Ibid. 

X  Ibid.  ^-^  ..;..:__  ™.-:.^_.,. 

\  Bull.  r.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  No.  41,  p.  30. 


--_r--^ — *    -r^' 


za 

Chenango 
ich  Prof, 
rding  the 
rhe  Port- 
onging  to 
lore  west- 
ire  unrec- 

e  Portage 
n  se(5lions 
.,  that  the 
il  Portage 
-ely  differ- 
lango  and 
reliminary 

the  fauna 
It  faunas, 
ite  reports 
successive 
nas  differs 
mmon  and 
idences  of 
r  enough 

isiders  to 
>ed  in  the 
ige  fauna 
'he  transi- 
|e  Portage 
erized  by 
|up  has  no 

antral  and 
been  at- 
jes  in  the 
hegion  the 
1st  eastern 


* 


13 


Ithaca  Group 


13 


5' 


outcrops  bt-'iiig  on  the  west  side  of  the  Chenango  valley.  The 
absence  of  these  formations  leaves  no  definite  line  of  division 
between  the  Hamilton  and  the  faunas  above.  This  has  led  to 
much  uncertainty  as  to  whether  the  bluish  shales  and  sandstones 
underlying  the  Oneonta  sandstone  and  containing  a  fauna  com- 
posed of  Hamilton  fossils  and  a  few  Ithaca  group  species  belong 
in  the  Hamilton  or  abijve  the  horizon  of  the  Genesee  shale. 
These  faunas  of  uncertain  affinities  have  been  studied  in  Otsego 
and  Chemung  counties  by  Williams,  Prosser  and  Clarke.  While 
these  careful  observers  agree  in  the  main  in  their  conclusions  as 
to  the  relations  of  the  faunas  of  this  region  there  are  some  dif- 
ferences, and  it  may  be  worth  while  to  summarize  briefly  the 
results  of  their  published  studies. 

In  his  paper  on  the  cla.ssification  of  the  Upper  Devonian,* 
Prof.  Williams  describes  the  faunas  of  the  Chenango  and  the 
Unadilla  river  sections.  The  faunas  above  the  Genesee  shale  in 
these  seclions  represent,  according  to  him.  five  stages  of  the  modi- 
fied Hamilton  fauna  and  one  stage  of  the  Chemung.  The  stages 
which  he  recognizes  are  the  Paracydas  lira  fa,  At>ypa  retinilaris, 
Lciorhynchus  ghhiiliformis,  Tropidolcptus  mrhiatns,  Spirifcr  me- 
sastn'a/is  stages  of  the  Hamilton  followed  by  the  Rhynchonella 
coutracla  stage  of  the  Chemung.  The  nearly  barren  .sandstones 
and  conglomerates  lying  above  the  last  of  these  stages  and  in- 
tervening between  the  first  two  are  stages  of  the  Catskill.  These 
modified  stages  of  the  Hamilton  correspond  to  the  Ithaca  group 
of  the  Cayuga  sedlion.  Williams  finds  no  representative  of  the 
Portage  fauna  in  these  sedlions. 

Prof.  Prosser  has  studied  the  same  se(5lions  and  has  published 
a  complete  list  of  the  fossils  identified  by  him  in  the  Unadilla 
.secflion.f 

In  another  paper  %  he  discusses  the  correlation  of  the  Upper 
Devonian  faunas  of  central  and  ea.stern  New^  York.  In  this 
Prosser  recognizes  above  the  typical  Hamilton  faunas  represent- 
ing two  stages  of  the  western  se(5lions,  the  Portage  and  the  Ith- 
aca group  stages.  The  determination  of  the  Portage  stage  seems 
to  be  based  on  stratigraphic  evidence.  The  presence  of  the 
Portage  in  the  Chenango  valley  is  not  shown  by  the  lists  of 
fossils  given  since  none  of  them  are  charac5leristic  of  the  typical 
western  Portage.     The  lists  of   fossils  indicate  that   the  typical 

*Proc.  Am.  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci.,  vol.  xxxiv,  p.  222. 

t  i2ih  Ann'l  Rep't  State  Geol.  of  N.  Y.,  pp.  1-35. 

t  Am.  Jr.  Sci.,  vol.  xlvi,  pp.  212-230.  -        '    '.    .  - 


w§ 


14 


Bulletin  6 


14 


"  I 


Hamilton  in  the  Chenango  valley  is  followed  by  beds  bearinji^ 
an  Ithaca  fauna,  though  these  may  l)e  the  stratigraphic  etiuiva- 
lents  of  the  Portage  of  the  western  secflions. 

More  recently  Prof.  J.  M.  Clarke  has  studied  the  fossiliferous 
beds  Ixilow  the  Oneonta  sandstone  in  the  Chenango  valley.  In 
the  western  part  of  Chenango  county  Prof.  Clarke  found  the  S/>/- 
rifer  tnesasin'a/is  fauna  1>  ing  umiuestionably  alcove  the  Gene.see 
shales.  Where  the  Genesee  and  Tully  formations  in  the  Che- 
nango valley  and  the  eastern  part  of  the  region  are  absent  Clarke 
makes  the  presence  of  Spirifer  mesastrialis  the  index  of  the  ap- 
pearance of  the  supra-Hamilton  fauna.  The  Portage  fauna,  ac- 
cording to  Clarke,  is  entirely  absent  from  the  Chenango  valley. 
There  is,  he  states,*  not  a  single  species  common  to  the  typical 
Portage  of  the  Genesee  .sedlion  and  the  Ithaca  fauna  of  the  Che- 
nango valley. 

The  Cayuga  se<5lion,  he  thinks,  represents  the  mingling  of 
those  two  faunas,  the  Portage  from  the  west  and  the  Ithaca 
fauna  from  the  east. 

The  immediate  successor  of  the  typical  Hamilton  fauna  in 
this  region  represents  a  more  perfect  and  normal  development  of 
the  Ithaca  group  fauna,  Prof.  Clarke  thinks,!  than  is  to  be  found 
in  any  of  the  .se(5lions  to  the  west.  Overlying  the  Ithaca  group 
of  this  region  are  Oneonta  flags  and  shales.  These  Oneonta 
l)eds  Clarke  con.siders  to  be  the  equivalent  of  the  typical  western 
Portage.  The  principal  evidence  given  for  this  correlation  is 
the  occurrence  of  peculiar  concretions  found  in  both  formations. 

The  first  diagrammatic  presentation  of  the  relations  of  the  Up- 
per Devonian  faunas,  based  on  the  view  that  .some  of  them  were 
local  faunas  imperfedlly  developed  or  entirely  absent  from  some 
of  the  sec-lions,  was  a  series  of  secflions  of  the  Upper  Devonian 
published  by  Prof.  Williams  in  i886.t 

All  of  the  paleontologists  who  have  since  studied  the  New 
York  Devonian  have  reached  similar  views  as  to  the  local  de- 
velopment of  the  faunas. 

Fig.  I,  republished  from  Prof.  Clarke's  Report J^  on  the  Che- 
nango valley,  represents  probably  as  accurately  as  our  present 
knowledge  will  permit  the  relations  of  the  Upper  Devonian 
faunas  in  the  eastern,  central  and  western  parts  of  the  State. 


*  13th  Ann'l  Rep't  State  Geol.  of  N.  Y.,  p.  555. 

t  Ibid. 

j  Proc.  Am.  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci.,  vol.  xxxiv. 

1  13th  Ann'l  Rep't  State  Geol.  of  N.  Y.,  p.  556. 


n  u, 


bearing 
:  equiva- 

vsiliferous 
illcy.  In 
1  the  .S7>/- 
(^iciiesee 
the  Che- 
at Clarke 
if  the  ap- 
fauna,  ae- 
ro valley. 
lie  typical 
■  the  Che- 

ngling   of 
he    Ithaca 

fauna    in 

opnient  of 

o  be  found 

aca  group 

Oneonta 

I  western 
elation    is 

lormations. 

if  the  Up- 

them  were 

roin  some 

Devonian 

the   New 
local   de- 
ll the  Che- 

II  r   present 
Devonian 

le  State. 


V 


c/> 


5^ 


•< 


t6 


Hr I. UET IN  6 


z6 


I 


I 


PART   II. 

Thk  Ithaca  Shctions. 

Sfnitii^rapfiv. — The  rocks  of  the  Porta>;e  and  the  Ithaci  j^roups 
outcrop  a\o\\\r  the  sides  of  Cayiij^a  lake  valley  about  Ithaca, 
New  York.  The  Portajje  rocks  rest  upon  the  black  Genesee 
shal  ".  and  are  terminated  alK)ve  by  the  Ithaca  shale.  Tou^h 
sandstone  fla^s,  often  wave-marked,  toj^ether  with  beds  of  more 
arenaceous  character,  constitute  the  Poitajjje  rcx^ks,  which  are 
here  alK>ut  250  feet  in  thickness.  The  base  of  the  Portage  is 
sharply  dehned  by  a  fine-grained,  hard,  blue  sandstone  about  3 
feet  in  thickness.  From  Esty's  glen  to  the  iK)int  where  the 
base  of  the  Portage  pa.sses  below  the  surface  of  the  lake,  the 
dip  is  more  than  100  feet  to  the  mile.  Near  Ithaca  the  dip  be- 
comes less,  and  to  the  south  it  is  very  slight  for  several  miles. 

The  soft  argillaceous  beds  which  lie  above  the  Portage  have 
been  called  the  Ithaca  .shale  by  Prof.  Williams.  These  shales 
are  often  .stained  a  reddish  brown  by  iron.  Lenticular  layers  of 
.sandstone  sometimes  occur  in  these  .shales.  Above  the  base  of 
the  Ithaca  shale  25  or  30  feet,  it  lo.ses  its  arenaceous  characfter 
and  is  replaced  by  the  sandstone  flags  and  intercalated  shales 
which  contain  the  typical  Ithaca  fauna.  These  beds  are  fossili- 
ferous  for  a  thickness  of  nearly  400  feet.  The  rocks  containing 
the  Ithaca  fauna  are  followed  by  nearly  600  feet  of  barren 
sandstone  flags  which  extend  to  the  tops  of  the  hills  about  Ith- 
aca. The  fo.ssiliferous  beds  of  the  Chemung  do  not  appear  in 
the  immediate  vicinity  of  Ithaca,  but  several  ni.ies  to  tlie  .south 
they  form  the  tops  of  the  hills  along  the  southern  extension  of 
Cayuga  valley  alx)ve  the  barren  strata. 

The  numerous  deep  gorges  of  the  .streams  entering  the  Cayuga 
valley  afford  excellent  exposures  of  the  rocks  about  Ithaca,  from 
the  ba.se  of  the  Portage  to  the  top  of  the  Ithaca  group.  Ten 
secl;ions  through  these  rocks  have  been  carefully  studied  and 
the  results  are  given  in  the  following  pages.* 


*NoTK. — The  sedlions  are  miin))ere(i  in  the  order  in  which  they  were 
studied.  All  of  the  specimens  on  which  the  lists  of  species  are  based  are 
in  the  Paleontoloj^icai  Museum.  Two  numbers  are  attached  to  each  speci- 
men, the  first  indicating  the  .se(5tion,  and  the  second  the  .stratigraphic  posi- 
tion or  station  in  the  .section  from  which  it  canie,  e.g.,  1-2  refers  to  the 
second  station  in  the  Fall  Creek  seclion. 


i6 


4 


ci  p roups 
It  Ithaca. 
Genesee 
Tough 
3  of  more 
vhich  are 
\)rta)^e  is 


?; 
'^>< 


»  _ 

09 


2  about   T, 

< 
5' 

ihere    the 

lake,   the 
le  dip  be- 

3- 
O 

ll  miles. 

a' 

[a>;e  have 

«B 

ise  shales 
layers  of 

o 
o 

Si. 

e 

e  base  of 

3 

o 

chara(5ler 

-*> 

ed  shales 

o 

re  fossili- 

e 

3 

ontaininjj^ 
)f   barren 

09 

3 

ea. 

bout   Ith- 

03 

ippear  ni 

5" 

the  south 

0» 

ension  of 

— -. 

3 

e  Cayuga 

<-* 

aca.  from 

•:     7 

Lip.     Ten 

died   and 

'-■■'■■/:-'-   ■      " 

tliey  were 
based  are 

plate 

'ach  speci- 

'•'#  ^ 

iphic  posi- 
ers  to  the 

# 

n 


I: 


MM  iO       1  if  ;3 


I 


17 


Ithaca  Group 


Section  I,  Fall  Creek. 

This  sec5Vion  begins  in  the  upper  Portao:e  sandstone  at  the  foot 
of  Ithaca  falls  r.nd  ends  at  the  outcrops  in  the  bed  of  the 
stream  above  Forest  Home.  This  section  includes  about  410 
feet  of  strata. 

Staticni  i. — The  fauna  of  this  statior.  occurs  in  the  Portage 
flngslone  and  shale  exposed  at  the  foot  of  Ithaca  falls.  This  is 
the  be.st  localit\-  known  for  coUedling  Spirifcr  Icevis,  which  is 
the  predominant  species,  and  its  associated  fauna. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  species  obtained  from  about  three 
feet  of  strata:  Spirifcr  hevis  a  ',  Spotiiclla  typica  c,  Goniatites 
sinuosnsf  r,  Cratiia  sp.  r,  Cyrtina  haniilto)icnsis  r,  Lunulimrdiuin 
fragile  a,  Palrroneilo  filosa  a.  Ortlioccraz  pccator  '-,  Ai'iculopeficn 
/aiitus  var.  ithacensis  r,  Goniatites  discoidciis  c,  Modiomorplia  suh- 
a/ata,  Grantmvxia  subarcuata  r,  Taxocrinus  ithacensis  stems,  Clio- 
netes  lepida  a,  Pleurotomaria  capiUaria  r.  Chonctcs  seitnla  r,  Gom- 
piioceras  tninidum  r,  Glyptocardia  speciosa  r,  Coleolus  tennicinclus, 
Nucula  dijjidens  r.  Afvtilarea  clwmnngensisl^  r.  Leiorhynclius  niesa- 
eostalis,  Lingnia  ligeaf  r,  Pluniuliiia  plumaria  c,  Avieidopeflcn 
rugcF.striatusi ,  Leda  diversa.  .    . 

Station  2.  — 135  leet  above  Station  r. 

The  rocks  containing  the  fauna  of  the  Ithaca  shale  are  ex- 
posed in  the  vertical  cliffs  of  the  falls,  so  that  no  representative 
of  it  were  obtained  from  this  seclion. 

At  the  sunnnit  of  Ithaca  falls  the  sandstone  and  silicious  shale 
contain  the  following  species,  indicating  the  initiation  ot  the 
Ithaca  fauna:  Produftella  speciosa  c,  Spirifcr  mesacostalis,  Chonetes 
sctigera  c.  .Unboca'/ia  nmbonata  c,  Pleurotomaria  capiUaria,  Micro- 
don  tenuistriatns,  Stiflopora  mccki  c,  Paheoneilo  constricla,  Aflin- 
optcria  bovdi,  Ortlioccras  bcbry.v  var.  cayuga,  Modiomorpha  subalata 
var.  chemnngensis  c,  Nucula  corbuliforniis. 

Station  j. — From  the  foot  of  the  cascade  below  the  electric 
light  plant,  the  following  species  were  collecfled:  Atnboorlia  nm- 
bonata a,  Cliofietcs  scitula,  Khynclwnclla  eximia  a,  Palcroneilo  filosa , 
Leiorhynclius  nicsacostalis,  Gomphoceras  iumidum  r,  Modiomorpha 
subalata  var.  chcmungcnsis,  Atiinoptcria  boydif  r,  Spirifcr  nicsas- 
trialis  a,  Microdon  bcllistriatus  r,  Stiflopora  mccki,  Pleurotomaria 
capiUaria  r,  Graninivsia  subarcuata f,  Cyrtina  hamiltoncnsis  c,  Pro- 

*Tlie  letttr  j^laced  after  a  species  refers  to  its  abundance, — a,  indicatinjj 
abundant,  c,  connnun  and  r,  rare. 


IB 


BUI^LETIN    6 


x8 


'*;f.Ws..... 


dnfleUa  spciiosa,  Conularia  lOHi^regata  a,  Monticulopora  sp.  r,  Co- 
leolus  tenuicinilus  r. 

Station  /.  — F'roni  the  toj)  t)f  the  cascade  at  the  electric  light 
plant,  the  following  species  were  obtained:  Spirifcr  itusastrialis  c, 
Lciorhynchus  incscuostalis  r,  Microdon  hii/istriatus,  Plcurotoviaria 
capillaria  r,  Aflinoptcrin  ptrstn'alisf ,  Plumaria  plitniu/ina  r,  Stic- 
topora  nnrki  c,  Ort/ioccfas  Inbryx  var.  cayuga. 

Station  5  (a). — The  following  species  were  obtained  a  short 
distance  above  Station  ^:  Cyrtina  haniiltoncn'\isf ,  Amhocalia  um- 
bonata,  Spirifer  niesacostalis  r,  Lciorhynchus  mcsacostatis  c,  Rliyn- 
dwnclla  cximia  c,  Rhynchonclla  stcphani  c,  (Mrammysia  suharcuaia, 
Stiflopora  wccki,  Atlinoptcria  pcrstrialis,  Palironcilo  Jilosa,  Modio- 
motpha  suhalata  var.  chcmungcnsis  c,  Plumaria  plumulina. 

Station  5  (b). — Abont  four  feet  higher  than  5a,  just  below 
the  foot  bridge,  in  a  calcareous  layer,  the  following  species  oc- 
cur: Produclclla  spcciosa  a.  (ht/;is  imprcssa  c,  .itrypa  reticularis  c, 
Rhynchonclla  pugnus  c,  Sliciopora  nn  cki. 

It  will  be  observed  that  this  is  the  first  occurrence  in  this 
se(5lion  of  the  last  three  brachiopoda  noted  above. 

Station  6. — The  following  species  occur  in  the  first  exposures 
above  the  foot  bridge:  Orthis  imprcssa,  Palceoncilo  Jilosa,  Stro- 
phodonta  mucronata  c,  Produflclla  spcciosa,  Aflinoptcria  boydif  r, 
Grammysia  subarcuata,  Tontaculitcs  bcllulus,  Chonetcs  kpida,  Cho- 
nctcs  scitula,  Spirifcr  mcsacostatis  a,  Goniatitcs  sinuosusf,  Atrypa 
reticularis. 

Station  7. — In  the  bottom  of  the  gorge,  a  short  distance  above 
Station  6,  the  following  species  occur:  Strophodonta  mucronata  a, 
Produclclla  spcciosa.  Crania  sp. ,  Ptcrinca  chcmungcnsisf ,  Spirifcr 
,ncsacostalis  a,  Atrypa  reticularis,  Pahconeilo  filosa  r,  Platyceras  du- 
mosumf  X,  Orthis  imprcssa  c,  Aviculopcclen  cancellatusf  r,  Cyrtina 
hamiltoncnsis  r,  Goniatitcs  complanatus  r,  Ptcrinopcncn  ereftus  r, 
Modiomorpha  subalata  var.  chemungensis  r.  Panenka  sp?. 

Station  8. — Just  below  Triphammer  falls,  the  following  species 
were  noted:  Strophodonta  mucronata  a,  Goniatitcs  complanatus* , 
Chonetcs  scitula  r,  Produflclla  spccio  u  c,  Orthis  imprcssa  r,  Platy- 
ceras creflum  r,  Spirifcr  mcsastrialis  r. 

Station  ^. — From  the  lower  shelf  of  Triphammer  falls,  the 
following  species  were  obtained;  Chonetcs  scitula,  Strophodonta 
perplana  \^x.  nervosa.  Crania  sp.,  Produclclla  spcciosa^,  Stropho- 


.* 


19 


Ithaca  Group 


19 


ice  in   thivS 


donia  mucronata  a,  Spiri/cr  mesawstalis  a,  Atrypa  reticularis  a, 
Goniatitcs  complanatusf  r,  Rdmo7idia  subovaia  r,  Niicula  corbuli- 
forniis  r,  Amboavlia  umbonata  r,  Microdon  bellistriatus  c,  Grammy- 
sia  subarcuata  r,  Palceoneilo  filosa  c,  Orthoccras  bebryx  var.  cayuga, 
Aviculopincu ,  Cyrfina  hamiltoncnsis,  AHinoptena  boydir. 

Stations  lo  &  //. — The  lists  of  fossils  from  two  slightly  differ- 
ent horizons  at  the  top  of  Triphammer  falls  having  the  same 
fauna  have  been  combined  in  the  following  list:  Schizodus 
chemungensis,  Edmondia  subovata,  Nucida  diffidens,  Lunulicar- 
dium  fragile  r.  Cyrtina  hamiltoncnsis  a,  AHinopteria  boydi  q.  Pro- 
duflella  speeiosa  c,  Atrypa  reticularis  a,  Modiomorpha  subalata  var. 
chcmungeusis  c,  Spirifer  mesacostalis  c.  Chonetes  sctigcra  c,  Micro- 
don bcllistriaius  r,  Aviculopcclen  sp..  Pterinopeflen  creHusr,  Cra- 
nia sp.  r,  Paloconeilo  plana  c,  Orthoccras  sp.  r,  Platyccras  sp.  r, 
Mytilarca  clienningensis  r,  Palcconeilo  Jilosa  c,  Spathclla  typica  r, 
Goniophora  minor  r,  Strophodonta  mucronata  a,  Macrodon  sp.  r, 
Orthis  imprcssa  c.  Pleurotomaria  capillaria  r,  Chonetes  scitula  c, 
Orthoccras  bebryx  var.  cayuga?  r,  Aulopora  sp.  r,  Chonetes  kpi- 
da  r,  Orthoccras  demus?  r,  ProduBclla  hallana  r. 

Station  12. — The  following  species  were  obtained  at  the  old 
quarry  above  Triphammer  falls:  Strophodonta  mucronata  a,  Pal- 
eeoneilo  constrifla,  Cyrtina  hamiltoncnsis,  Spathclla  typica  Schizo- 
dus chemungensis,  Chonetes  scitula,  Spirifer  mesacostalis,  Produflella 
speeiosa;  Aflinopteria  boydi,  Ptcrifiea  (  Vertutnnia)  rcproba. 

Station  rj. — Below  lower  bridge,  Forest  Home. 

The  shales  here  contain  an  abundance  of  fossils,  of  which  the 
following  species  were  identified:  Strophodonta  mucronata,  Ortho- 
nota  parvula,  Modiomorpha  subalata  var.  chemungensis,  Grammy- 
sia  subarcuata,  Palcroncilo  maxima,  P.  plana,  P.  constrifla.  Crania 
sp?,  Chonetes  scitula,  Orthoccras  sp.,  Rhynchonella  pugnus,  Schizo- 
dus chemungensis,  I^cda  diversa,  Spirifer  mesacostalis,  Spathclla 
typica,  Atrypa  reticularis,  Aflinoptcria  boydi ,_  Bellerophon  ithacmns^ 
Aviculopcflen  cancellatus,  Pleurotomaria  sp.,  Pterinopeflen  (Ver- 
tumnia)  rcproba,  Arthroacantha  ithacensis. 

Prof.  H.  S.  Williams  informed  the  writer  that  he  discovered 
Spirifer  Iccvis  and  its  associated  fauna  near  this  station  but  they 
have  not  been  re-disjovered. 


mm 


mmmmmm 


20 


BULLKTIN    6 


20 


i 


ii 

j 

i 

I     ' 

• 

Hi 
I 

' 

i 

Section  II,  Cascadilla  Creek. 

The  Cascadilla  creek  seclioti  einb-aces  the  rocks  exi)()sed  aloiijj^ 
the  gorge  from  the  old  mill  to  Eddy's  dam, — about  3J0  feet  of 
strata. 

Station  I. — This  station  is  in  the  dark  Ithaca  shale  at  the 
base  of  the  k)\vest  cascade  in  the  gorge.  The  species  common 
here  are  typical  of  the  Itiiaca  shale.  They  arc  Lunidicardinni 
fniQ^ile,  IJiii^ula  coiuplatiata,  Lciorhyuclms  ntfsacostalis  (sm.  var. ), 
RhynchoucUa  cximia. 

Station  2. — About  30  feet  above  Station  /,  the  following  spe- 
cies occur:  (tlyptocardia  s/xriosa,  ProditClcUa  truncata,  Palcconeilo 
filosa.  /.cior/iynr/nts  n/tsaios/a/i.s\  Mioodon  htl/istriatns,  Orthoceras 
sp..  Pahroncilo plana,  Picurotontaria  capillaria,  Microdjn  grcQarins. 

Stations  j  fi:  /. — About  55  feet  above  Station  /.  the  following 
species  were  found:  Palcroncilo  filosa,  Nucula  diffidcns.  A",  corbuli- 
formis,  Microdon  ^rei^arins,  Clionctes  siitula,  PaUromilo  maxima, 
RhynclwncUa  cximia,  Modiomorpha  snbalala  var.  rlitmun^cnsis 
Spiri/'rr  mcsarostalis,  /.<iorln'nrli//s  mtsacostalis,  Pliurotomaria  cap- 
illariaf ,  Produfldla  spcciosa,  Ortliorcras  i^p.,  Aflinoptcria  boydi. 

Station  5. — 95  feet  alx)ve  Station  /,  the  following  species  were 
obtained:  Spirifer  mcsacostalis,  Rhynchonilla  cximia,  Nucula  diffi- 
dcns,  Palcconcilo  constricla,  P.  filosa,  P.  plana,  P.  maxima,  Aflin- 
optcria pcrstrialis,  Modiomorpha  snbalala  var.  clicmungcnsis,  Micro- 
don grcgarius,  Clionctes  setigcra,  C.  scitula 

Station  6. — 122  feet  above  Station  j,  the  following  s])ecies  oc- 
cur: Microdon  bcllistriatus,  Aflinoptcria  boydi,  Rliynclionclla  sfi'- 
phani,  Spirifer  mcsastrialis,  Granimysia  subarcuata,  Nucula  corbuli- 
formis,  Plcurotomaria  capillaria,  Modiomorpha  snbalala  var.  chc- 
mungcnsis,  Ambocaiia  umbonata,  Spirifer  mesacostalis,  Leiorhyn- 
chus  mcsacostalis,  Orthoccras  sp. ,  Chonetes  scitula,  Pahconcilo  max- 
ima, P.  constrifla,  P.Jilosa,  Cyrtina  hamiltonensis,  Cryptonella  eu- 
dora. 

Station  7. — The  following  s])ecies  were  obtained  150  feet  alx)ve 
Station  /.•  Spirifer  mesacostalis,  Pterinca  reproba,  Plcurotomaria 
capillaria,  Leptodesma  sociale,  Chonetes  scitula,  Aflinoptcria  perstri- 
alisf,  Sticlopora  meeki,  Gon ia tiles  '>\i.,  (irammysia  elliptica,  Chone- 
tes setigera,  AcJinoptcria  sp?,  Cyrtina  hamiltonensis,  liellerophon 
sp.,  Modiomorpha  subalata  var.  ehemungensis,  Aflinoptcria  boydi, 
PaUconeilo   plana,    Rhynchonella    eximia,    Plumnlina    plumaria, 


ai 


Ithaca  Group 


it 


)Ose(l  along: 


Gomphoccras  tumidum,  CryptoncUa  cndora. 

Station  8. — The  following  fauna  was  noted  i8o  feet  above 
Station  i :  Pieiirotoniana  capillariaf ,  Palceoncilo  plana,  Produflclla 
spedosa,  Spirifer  mesacostalis,  Cryptonella  eudora,  Aflinopteria 
boydi,  StiHopora  meeki,  Rliynchonella  eximia,  Modiomorpha  snba- 
lata  var.  chemungensis,  Cyrtina  hamiltoncnsis. 

Station  g. — I  have  obtained  the  following  species  195  feet 
I  above  Station  r:  Cyrtina  hamiltonensis,  Gompfioceras  tumidum, 
\ Aflinopteria  perstrialis,  Pleurotomaria  capillaria,  Sputhella  typica, 
Orthoceras  bebryx  var.  cayuga,  Nucula  corbuliformis,  Schizodus  chc- 
wtungei^sis,  Palcconeilo  plana,  P.  constricla,  Elytndla  nuculoidcsf , 
\Stinopora  meeki,  Spirifer  mesastrialis,  Clionetes  scitula. 

Station  ro. — At  the  foot  of  the  falls,  just  below  Heustis  Street 
,jiidge,  225  feet  above  Station  /,  the  following  species  occur: 
\Atrypa  reticularis,  Produflella  zpeciosa,  Rhynclwnella  pugnus,  Or- 
Ithis  impressa,  Spirifer  mesacostalis,  Cyrtina  hamiltonensis,  Stroplio- 
idonta  mncronata. 

Stations  //  &.  r2. — From  the  arenaceous  sandstone  and  shale 
under  the  Heustis  Street  bridge,  the  following  species  were  ob- 
tained: Aulopora  sp.,  Paheoneilo  filosa,  Mytilarca  chemungensis , 
Spirifer  m ucronat us , Aflinopteria  boydi, Orthis  impressa,  Produflella 
speciosa,  Cyrtina  hamiltonensis,  Strophodonta  perplana  var.  nervosa, 
S.  mucronata,  Orthorercs  pecator,  Rliynchonella  pugnus,  Schizodtis 
\diemiingensis,  Microdon  bdlistriatus,  Pahroneilo  constrifla,  Modio- 
morpha subalata  var.  chemungensis,  Edmondia  snbovataf ,  Gonio- 
Xphora  minorf ,  Microdon  chenuingensis. 

Station  /j. — The  following  species  were  obtained  below  the 
electric  railroad  bridge,  285  feet  above  Station  i:  Atrrpa  reticu- 
laris, Loxonema  sp.,  Produflella  speciosa,  Microdon  sp.,  Stropho- 
donta mucronata,  Chonetes  scitula,  C.  lepida,  Goniophora  minorf, 
Modiomorpha  subalata  var.  chemungensis,  Cyrtina  hamilto7iensis, 
Schizodus  chemungensis,  Goniatites  sp.,  Palceoncilo  filosa,  Strapho- 
Idonta  perplana  var.  nervosa,  Aviculopeflen  sp. 

Station  /.^. — The  following  fauna  was  found  300  feet  above  Sta- 
tion I :  Edmondia  subovata,  Chonetes  hpida,  Ptychodcsma  nanumf , 
Pleurotomaria  capillaria,  Palceoncilo  filosa,  P.  constrifla,  Mytilarca 
chemungensis,  Microdon  bdlistriatus,  Aflinopteria  perstrialisf ,  Bel- 
lerophon  Icda,  Modiomorpha  subalata  var.  chemungensis,  Macrodon 
sp.,  Strophodonta  mncronata,  S.  perplana  var.  nervosa,  Aflinopte- 
ria boydi,  Atrypa  reticularis,  Pterinea  sp?,  Lunulicardium  fragile. 


■M 


•iifii 


22 


BULLKTIN   6 


Z2 


m 


Grammysio  subarcuaia,  A^nru/a  corbulifonnisf .  Spirifer  mcsacosta- 
lis,  Produflilla  spcciosa,  Ptcrinopctltn  rcproha* ,  Amboarlia  umbou- 
Uta,  Macrodon  c/icniiiu^insis. 

Station  15. — 305  feet  alx)ve  Station  r ,  the  followinp^  fauna  oc- 
curs: Pahroncilo  plana,  P.  /ilosa,  P.  constritla,  Macrodon  clicmunii- 
cnsis.  Crania  sp. ,  Atrypa  reticularis,  Atlinoptcria  boydi,  Spathclla 
typica,  Schizodns  chcnmn^cnsis,  Aulopora  sp. ,  Aficrodon  bcllistria- 
tus,  PIcurotomaria  capillariaf ,  Cyrtina  hamiltoncnsiis,  Strophodanta 
niucronata ,  Spirifer  niesacostalis,  Chonetes  scitn/a,  Nucula  corbuli- 
formisf 

Station  16. — The  fauna  of  this  station  occurs  under  the  foot 
bridge  below  the  dam,  320  feet  alxwe  Station  i :  Palceoneilo  con- 
striila,  P.  Ji/osa,  P.  plana,  Aficrodon  bellistriatus,  Cyrtina  hamilton- 
ensis,  Crania  sp.,  Produftella  speciosa,  PIcurotomaria  capillaria, 
Spirifer  niucronatus,  Modiomorpha  subalata  var.  chcmuni^cnsis,  Bel- 
leroplwn  Icda? ,  Chonetes  scitula,  Atrypa  reticularis,  Spathclla  typica, 
Strophodonta  niucronata,  Schizodus  chcniunircnsis. 

Stations  ly  &  t8. — The  following  species  were  obtained  from 
the  beds  exposed  at  the  end  of  the  foot  bridge,  about  10  feet 
above  the  last  station:  Schizodus  chcfnunirensis,  Atrypa  reticularis, 
Chonetes  scitula,  Crania  hamiltonixcf ,  Strophodonta  mucronata, 
Grammy sia  sp. ,  AFtinopteria  boydi,  Microdon  bellistriatus,  Chonetes 
lepida,  Modiomorpha  subalata,  Pahroncilo  Jilosa,  Produftella  speci- 
osa, Spathclla  typicaf,  Tentaculitcs  spiculus,  Cyrtina  hamiltonensis, 
Modiomorpha  subalata  var.  chemungensis.  Crania  sp.,  Goniophora 
minor,  Pahroncilo  constrifla,  Avicuhpeflen  sp.,  Nucula  diffidcns, 
Stiflopora  meeki,  Spirifer  niesacostalis.  Gram  my  sia  subarcuaia, 
Orthoceras  bebryx  var.  cayuga. 

Section  Hi,  University,  McGraw  and  Cornell  Quarries 

This  ,set?tion  includes  only  about  60  feet  of  Ithaca  group  strata. 

Station  /. — The  ({uarry  below  the  McGraw-Fi.ske  mansion  at 
tiie  edge  of  Fall  Creek  gorge,  which  is  175  feet  above  the 
Spirifer  hrvis  bed  at  the  foot  of  the  falls,  furnished  the  follow- 
ing I'auna:  Cyrtina  hamiltonensis  x,  l.eiorhynchus  mesacostalis  c, 
Spirifer  mesacostalis  c,  Grammysia  subarcuataf  r,  Microdon  belli- 
striatus q,  Goniophora  sp. ,  Modiomorpha  subalata  var.  chemungen- 
sis q,  Rhynchonella  e.ximia,  Pahroncilo  Jilosa,  Chonetes  scitula  a,  C 
sctigera  c,  Orthoceras  bebryx  var.  cayuga  r,  PIcurotomaria  capillaria 


22 


23 


Ithaca  Group 


»3 


•■  tn rsa casta - 
I'lia  Kvilnvh 

ff  fauna  oc- 
>//  c/ic)nu7iii- 
li\  S/ya//it//a 
>/i  M/isfna- 
Itraphadauta 
ula  corbuli- 

ler  the  foot 
Iceoncilo  con- 
la  haniiltan- 
j  capillar ia, 
Ijrcfis/s,  Bcl- 
f  he  I  la  typica, 

tained  from 
)out  lo  feet 
%  reticularis, 

miicronata, 
ftis,  C/nnictcs 
(ftclla  spcci- 
1  mil  ton  en  sis, 

Goniophora 
tla  di (fid ens, 

snbareiiata. 


1  Quarries 

i^roiip  strata. 

mansion  at 
:    aKove    the 

the  follow- 
esa  cos  talis  c, 
'crodon  bclli- 

eheniuni*cn- 

scitula  a,  C. 
via  capillar ia 


r,  /.injfula  com  plan  ata  r,  Palcroneilo  plana. 

Station  2. — The  quarry  in  the  cemetery  lies  about  25  feet 
above  the  last.  Plumiilina  plnmaria  occurs  here  rather  abund- 
antly. Some  of  the  species  associated  with  it  are  Plcurotomaria 
capillaria,  Rhynclwnella  eximia,  Spirifer  ynesacostalis,  S.  mesastri- 
alis,  Aflinopteria  .sp. 

Station  j. — University  quarry  is  about  235  feet  above  the 
Spirifer  Icrvis  zone  in  Fall  creek.  The  Spirifer  mesastrialis  fauna 
reaches  its  best  development  here.  The  species  identified  from 
this  quarry  are  as  follows:  Spirifer  mesastrialis  a,^.  mesacostalis  c, 
Rhynchonella  eximia  c,  Cryptonella  eudora  a,  Bellerophon  sp?, 
Spathella  typica? ,  Platystoma  lineatum  var.  callosum  r,  Plcurotoma- 
ria capillaria  x,  Cyrtina  hamiltonensis  c,  Pterinopenen  ereflus  r, 
Stifiopora  meeki  c,  (ronipnoceras  ttnnidum  r,  Ailinopteria  boydi, 
Orthoceras  bebryx  var.  cayuga,  Leptodesma  socialef. 

Section  IV,  Williams  Creek. 

This  se(5lion  affords  a  good  continuous  exposure  of  the  rocks 
from  the  upper  Spirifer  Levis  /one  of  the  Portage  well  up  into 
the  Ithaca  group. 

Station  1 .  —At  the  southwest  corner  of  the  lake,  about  6  feet 
above  its  level,  the  upper  Portage  Spirifer  lavis  fauna  occurs. 
The  following  species  were  found:  Spirifer  lavis,  Aulopora  sp., 
PaUeoneilo filosa,  Orthoceras  sp. ,  Crania  sp.,  Cyrtina  hamiltonensis. 

Station  2. — At  the  old  quarry  near  the  railroad,  about  ^  mile 
south  of  Williams  creek,  the  following  species  were  obtained 
about  15  feet  above  the  level  of  the  lake:  Goniatites  discoideus, 
Palcroneilo  filosa,  Orthoceras  ^y*.,  Clionetes  lepidaf,  Leptodesma  sp. , 
Palcroneilo  constrifla,  Aulopora  sp. 

Stations  ^  &  ^. — These  two  stations  occur  in  the  Ithaca  shale 
about  60  feet  above  the  lake.  The  following  species  were 
found:  f.unulicardiv.n  fragile  c,  Produflella  speciosa  a,  fAngula 
(oniplanata  a,  Leptodesma  sociale,  Orthoceras  pecator. 

Station  5. — This  station  is  265  feet  above  the  lake  in  a  bed 
of  impure  limestone  about  5  feet  in  thickness.  Nearly  all  of 
the  following  list  of  species  are  from  this  limestone,  but  a  few  are 
from  the  shale  innnediately  beneath:  Atrypa  reticularis  a,  A. 
spinosa  c,  Spirifer  mesacostalis,  S.  mesastrialis  c,  Cyrtina  ha?nilton- 
ensis  c,  Cryptonella  eudora  q,  Leiorhynchus  mesacostalis,  Stiflopora 


f 


I 


;i1 


24 


Bulletin  6 


24 


m<rA'i  a,  Pahroncilo  Jilosa  r,  P.  constricla  r,  Mytilarca  chcmiiugeu- 
sis  c,  Rhynchonclla  puj^nus  a,  (iom'atitcs  sinuosus  r,  Produflella 
speciosa  p,  Spirit cr  ntcsacostalis  a,  Gouiatites  coniplanaiusf  r,  A fi in- 
apt eria  boydif  r,  Ortlioceras  sp.  c,  Stropliodotita  miuronata,  S.  pcr- 
plana  var.  nervosa,  S.  dctnissaf  r,  liellcroplion  sp.  r,  (ioniopliora 
minor  r,  Modiomorptia  subalata  var.  cfwmungtnsis  c,  Niicula  di/Ji- 
dcns  c,  A^.  corbufiformis,  G/ossi/cs  diprcssus  r,  Rliynclionclla  cximia 
c,  ^.  sti'ptiani,  Scliizodus  chcmungensis  r,  Microdon  gregari^is, 
Pterinopcflcn  sp. .  Aviciilopcflcn  striatiis  r,  Pteurotomaria  capillaria, 
Platyccras  sp.,  Aitinoptcria  boydi,  Or/tiis  imprcssa  a,  Grammysia 
subarcuaia  r,  Zaplirentis  simplex f  r. 

Station  6.  — This  horizon,  which  is  just  alwve  the  wagon  road 
and  330  feet  alx)ve  the  lake,  afforded  the  following  .species:  ^V- 
////.?  impressa,  Atrypa  retieularis,  A.  aspera,  ProdHclclla  speciosa, 
Spat/iella  typira,  Stropliodonta  perplana  var.  tiervosa,  S.  mucronata , 
Chonetes  setigera,  Rliynclionella  pugnus,  Goniatites  eomplanatus, 
Spirifer  mesacostalis,  Mytilarca  c/iemiingensis,  Orthoceras  sp. 

Station  7. — About  10  feet  above  the  last  station,  the  following 
species  were  colle(5led:  Grammy sia  sp?,  Porcellia  nais,  Atrypa  re- 
ticularis, Spirifer  mucronatus,  Ortliis  sp.,  Produflella  speciosa,  Cho- 
netes lepida,  Palcconeilo  filosa,  Platyceras  bueeulentum ,  Stropliodonta 
mucronata,  Aclinopteria  boydi. 


Section  V,  Quarries. 


i^  I 


Mf 


This  se(5lion  has  for  its  lowest  .station  a  rock  exposure  in  the 
bank  of  Six  Mile  creek  at  the  Cayuga  Street  bridge.  All  th'- 
other  stations  are  in  the  quarries  on  South  Hill  and  on  the 
north  side  of  Six  Mile  creek.  The  section  includes  a  thickness 
of  230  feet  beginning  in  the  Ithaca  .shale. 

Station  i . — Six  Mile  creek  at  Cayuga  Street  crossing. 

Just  above  the  Cayuga  vStreet  bridge,  about  ten  feet  of  dark 
.shale  are  exposed.  The  following  three  .species  of  the  Ithaca 
shale  are  found  here  rather  abundantly:  Lunulicardium  fragile, 
IJngula  complanata,  Glyptoeardia  speciosa. 

Station  2. — Quarry  at  Inclined  plane,  115  feet  alx)ve  Station 
I.  The  following  species  were  obtained  here:  Chonetes  scitula, 
Spirifer  mesacostalis,  Spathella  typicaf,  Leiorhynehus  mesacostalis, 
Pa  Ucon  eilo  con  strifla . 

Station  J. — Quarry  at  the  .south  end  of  Ha/.en  Street,     f 


24 


as 


Ithaca  Group 


«5 


ch  emu  tig  I'll - 
,  Prodnhclla 
usf  r,  Aflin- 
uaia,  S.  per- 
(rOniof>/iora 
Niiciila  dijfi- 
yiiella  iximia 
I  gregaru/s, 
ia  ca pillar ia, 
,  Grammysia 

t  waj^oii  road 
species:  Or- 
'I'lla  spixiosa , 
i.  mucronata, 
complanatus, 
ras  sp. 

the  following 

r,  Atrypa  rc- 

spcciosa ,  Cho- 

Stropliodoiita 


losure  in  the 

^e.     All   th'- 

and   on    the 

a  thickness 

sing. 

feet  of  dark 
■  the  Ithaca 
////;;/  fragile, 

hove  Station 

iiu'tes  scitula, 

mcsacostalis, 

:reet. 


The  lower  layers  of  the  sondstone  contain  an  abundance  of 
fossils.  The  most  abundant  species  are  Rliynchonclla  eximia, 
Leiorhyiichus  mesarostalis,  Modiomorpha  subalata  \2iX .cliemiingensis. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  the  less  abundant,  associated  species: 
Orti'ioccras  bebryx  var.  caynga,  O.  leander,  Stiflopora  meeki.  AHin- 
Opteria  pcrstrialis,  Callonenia  sp. ,  Leptodesma  sp. ,  Discina  grandis, 
Goniopliora  hamiltonensis,  Niicula  diffi.dens,  Plutnuli7ia  pluniaria, 
Conularia  congngata,  Scliizodus  chemungensis,  Microdon  bellistria- 
tus,  Produflella  spedosa,  Amboavlia  umbonataf ,  Spirifer  mcsastri- 
alis,  Leptodesma  matlierif,  Grammysia  subareuata,  G.  bisiilcata, 
Chonetes  scitula,  Gomplioeeras  tumidum,  Leioptcria  sp?,  Tcntaculi- 
tes  spiculus,  Modiomorpha  mytiloides,  Strophodonta  perplana. 

Station  ^. — Quarry  at  the  south  end  of  Cayuga  street. 

The  sandstone  here  is  inclined  to  be  shelly  and  thin  bedded. 
Fossils  are  not  very  abundant.  The  following  species  were  Coi- 
ledled:  Rhynchonella  eximia  c,  Chonetes  setigera,  C.  scitula,  Lin- 
gula  eomplanata,  Mierodon  belli striatus,  Grammysia  subarcuataf , 
Modiomorpha  subalata  var.  ehemungensis  c,  Orthoceras  bebryx  var. 
eayuga,  Pleurotomaria  eapillaria,  Plumulina  phimaria. 

The  occurrence  of  Lingula  eomplanata,  of  which  a  single  speci- 
men was  found  at  this  station  in  the  midst  of  the  Ithaca  fauna, 
\  is  worthy  of  special  note.  This  is  the  most  abundant  and  char- 
a(5leristic  species  of  the  Ithaca  shale,  but  is  seldom  found  in  the 
typical  Ithaca  fauna. 

Station  5. — Quarry  southwest  of  Quarry  Street  bridge,  140 
feet  alx)ve  Station  /. 

The  following  species  occur  here,  the  first  four  being  very 
abundant  in  some  layers:  Rhynchonella  eximia,  Spirifer  mesaeos- 
talis,  S.  mesastrialis,  Stiflopora  meeki,  Glossites  depressusf ,  Leio- 
rkynchus  mesacostalis,  Platyceras  sp?,  Orthoceras  bebryx  var.  eayuga, 
Cryptonella  eudora  r,  Microdon  bellistriatus,  Modiomorpha  subalata 
var.  ehemungensis,  Pterinopeflen  ereflus,  Discina  grandis. 

Station  6. — Inclined  plane  above  the  railroad,  170  feet  above 
Station  /. 

The  .species  constituting  the  bulk  of  the  fauna  at  this  locality 
[are  Spirifer  mesastrialis,  S.  mesacostalis,  StiHopora  meeki. 

Species  less  common  are  Paheoneilo  filosa,  Cyrtina  hamiltonensis. 

Station  7. — Quarry  at  the  south  end  of  Ha/.en  street,  230  feet 
above  Station  i. 

The  following  is  the  list  of  species  obtained   at   this  quarry: 


faWiii 


f 


26 


RUT.LKTIN   6 


26 


Srhi::o(ius  (•/icnnnij^ensis,  Chonrtcs  hpida,  C.  sa'tu/a,  Ltda  diversa, 
(h'//i/'s  />ft/>nss(i,  Spirijtr  mtsastrialis  a,  Afliuoptcria  hovdi.\  Rlnn- 
clumel  I  pui^uus  Q.,  Crania  sp.,  Strophodonta  pcrplana  var.  nervosa, 
(foniophora  minor,  Strophodonta  mticronata,  AHinopteria  sp.,  Mi- 
crodon  bcllistriatus,  Orthoccras  bebryx  var.  cayuga,  Aulopora  sp., 
Amboarlia  uwhonata,  Pterinca  nproba,  Palteoncilo  plana,  Producl- 
tlla  sptxiosa,  Lyrtina  fianiiHonvnsis,  .Itrypa  reticularis,  Porcellia 
naisf ,  fMt'Sothyra  sp.,  Arthroacantha  ithaccnsis. 

Spirifer  mesas  trial  is  and  Prodnclella  speciosa  are  the  predomi- 
nant species  at  this  station.  Strophodonta  perplana  var.  neri'osa, 
which  is  not  a  common  species  at  most  localities,  is  rather  com- 
mon in  the  upj^r  part  of  the  quarry.  Rhynelionella  pugnus  is 
also  quite  common  in  the  lower  part  of  the  quarry. 

Section  VI,  Buttennilk  Creek. 

This  .sec5lion  includes  about  250  feet  of  .strata  bej?ituiing  in 
the  Ithaca  shale  at  the  ba.se  of  Kuttermilk  falls. 

Station  /.  —Base  of  Buttermilk  falls. 

A  very  interesting  fauna  occurs  in  the  dark  shale  at  the  foot 
of  the  falls.  The  following  species  have  l)een  recognized:  /sin- 
gula punctata  a,  L.  spatulataf ,  Leiorhynchus  mesacostalis  a,  Or- 
tliis  lanuvemi  a,  Palwoneilo  constrifla,  Coleolus  sp. ,  Loxonema  del- 
pliicola  c,  Pleurotomaria  capillaria,  Grammy sia  subarcuata  c,  Lep- 
todesma  sociale,  Amboca'lia  umbonata,  Aclinoptcria  sp.,  Sticlopora 
meeki,  Produclella  speciosa  (sm.  var.  j,  Rhynelionella  eximiaf,  Nu- 
cula  diffidens  c,  Orthoceras  sp.,  Maerocheilus  {/folopea)  niaerosto- 
nttisf,  Phthonia  cylindrica. 

The  Ithaca  shale  fauna  at  this  station  contains  three  species 
which  have  not  before  lieen  recognized  in  the  Ithaca  group. 
Two  of  these  are  referred  with  doubt,  oA'ing  to  the  slightly  flat- 
tened condition  of  the  .specimens  to  M  ~rocheilus  {Holopea)  ma- 
crostomus  and  Phthonia  cylindrica,  lx)th  of  which  are  Hamilton 
species.  The  specimens  referred  to  Orthis  vanuxemi  are  identi- 
cal with  the  Hamilton  specimens  of  this  species;  they  occur 
abundantly  through  a  few  inches  of  strata. 

Station  2. — 60  feet  above  Station  r . 

The  following  is  a  list  of  the  species  collected  at  this  point: 
Modiomorpha  subalata  var.  chcmungcnsis,  Nucula  diffidens,  Palreo- 
ncilo filosa  a,  P.  constrifla,  Stiflopora  meeki,  Lunulicardium  fragile , 
Maerocheilus  sp. ,  Pleurotomaria  capillaria,   Sehizodus  sp.,   Modio- 


,-^r'a*.^., . » 


26 


27 


iTTiACA  Group 


27 


^^tda  di versa, 
hoydi.'',  R/iyn- 
var.  nervosa, 
ieria  sp. ,  Mi- 
lulopora  sp., 
ana,  Produfl- 
jris,   /'oree///a 

the  precloini- 

var.  nervosa, 

.  rather  com- 

f/a  puj^niis  is 


beginning   in 


e  at  the  foot 
»giii/ed:  IJn- 
ostalis  a,  (h- 
.o.xonenia  del- 
ruata  c,  Lep- 
>. ,  Stielopora 
xiniiaf,  Nu- 
\ea )  tnaerosto- 

jthree  species 
haca  j^roup. 
slightly  flat- 
lolopea )  nia- 
ire  Hamilton 
1/  are  iclenti- 
they   occur 


this  point: 

'dens,  PaUeo- 

Uum  fragile, 

sp.,  Modio- 


tnorpha  quadndaf 

Station   ?. — 97  feet  above  Station  r. 

The  follovvinjij  .species  were  obtained  at  this  .station:  Microdon 

Xgregarins,  Modiomorpha  suhalata  var,  ehenrnngensis,   Rynehonella 

\exiniia,  Lingula  spatulata,  ProduRella  speciosa,  Nucula  diffidcnsf, 

Paheoneilo  eo?istrifta  a,  f.eiorhynelius  mesaeostalis  a,  Chonetes  seitnla, 

PaUeoneilo  plan  a  f 

Station  /. — 162  feet  above  Station  r. 

The  following  species  were  obtained  from  the  dark  arenaceous 
[sandstone  above  the  falls:  Spirifer  mesaeostalis  c,  Cyrtiaa  hamil- 
\tonensis,  Stiflopora  nteeki,  Modiomorpha  subalataf ,  M.  snbalata 
[var.  ehemungensis,  Paheoneilo  constrifia,  Nucula  corbuliformis? , 
\Leda  diver sa,  Afiinopteria  perstrialis  a. 

This  station  is  the  first  of  this  section  in  which  Spirifer  tties- 
laeostalis  occurs  in  abundance  and  marks  the  beginning  of  the 
[typical  Ithaca  fauna. 

Station  j. — At  the  foot  of  the  dam,  182  feet  above  Station  r. 

The  satid.stone  flags  here  contain  an  abundant  fauna  snnilar 
to  that  in  the  University  quarry.  The  following  species  were 
identified:  Spirifer  mesastrialis  a,  ►S.  mesaeostalis  a,  Cryptonclla 
eiidora,  Cyrtina  Iiamiltonensis,  Stiflopora  meeki,  crinoid  stems. 

Station  6. — 35  feet  above  the  la.st  station. 
The  following  chara(5leri.stic  species  of  the  Ithaca  group  occur 
here  abundantly:    Atrypa  reticularis,  Spirifer  mesaeostalis,  Stro- 
\phodonta  mucronata,  Produflella  speciosa. 

Station  7. — 242  feet  above  Station  /. 

The  following  species  occur  here  in  the  arenaceous,  shell}' 
sandstone:  Strophodonta  mucronata,  Spirifer  7nesacostalis,  Atrypa 
reticularis,  Mierodon  bellistriatns. 

Section  VII,  McKinney's  Station. 

This  sedlion  extends  from  thc^  base  of  the  lower  Portage  into 
the  Ithaca  group.  The  exposures  on  which  it  is  based  occur 
along  the  east  side  of  Cayuga  lake  from  the  point  where  the 
Genesee  disappears  beneath  the  lake  to  McKinney's  station,  and 
in  the  north  glen  at  the  .station. 

Station  i . — At  the  sinking  of  the  Genesee  beneath  the  lake. 

About    ID   feet   above   the   lake,  in    the    Portage   shales,  two 

species  occur  in  .some  layers  rather  abundantly.     These  are  Glyp- 


28 


lU'LLKTlN    6 


98 


i 


iocardia  speciosa  and  Chonetes  Upida.      A  sinjj^le  small   .sjHJciinen 
of  Spirifvr  resembling  .S".  nusastrialn  was  found  at  this  station. 

Station  2. — Alx>nt  ^   mile  south  of  Station   /,  at  the  side  of 
the  railroad,   the    following   s|)ecies  were    found:   /.uniilicardimn 
fragile,  Crlyptocardia  speciosa ,  Coniatitcs  siunosus,  Chonctcs  lipida, 
Coleolus  aciculum,  Strophodonta  mucronata,  Cladocliotius  sp. ,  Lin 
gula  spatulata,  /\il(fontilo  tmaririnata. 

The  occurrence  of  Strophodonta  mucronata  here  in  the  lower 
Portage  fauna  is  of  special  interest  since  it  is  a  very  a!)undant 
fossil  in  the  Ithaca  group. 

Station  j. — A  short  distance  south  of  Station  2,  at  the  side  of 
the  T-ailroad,  the  following  species  have  l)een  obtained  in  the 
Portage  shales:  C/adoc/ionns  np.,  Strophodonta  mucronata,  Nnculi- 
tes  oblongus,  Amhoca'lia  umhonata ,  Chonetcs  Icpida,  Plcurotomaria 
sp.,  Palcroneilo  constrifta,  P.jtlosa,  Glyptocardia  speciosa,  Coleoins 
aciculiun,  Lunidicardiiim  frat^ile,  I.eptodesma  socialef,  (ioniatites 
discoideus,  (i.  sinuosus,  Loxonema  sp.,  crinoid  stems. 

Station  /. — In  the  north  glen  at  McKinney's  station,  20  feet 
above  the  lake. 

In  the  tough  arenaceous  sandstone  at  this  horizon,  a  second 
zone  of  Spirifer  hrvis  has  been  discovere<l.  The  associated  fau- 
na of  .S".  Icevis  at  this  horizon  appears  to  be  much  less  abundant 
than  that  of  the  upper  zone.  The  only  other  species  identified 
are  Strophodonta  mucronata,  a  sj>ecie'  of  Macrodon,  and  Coniatitcs 
sinuosus.  The  upper  .S*.  icrvis  ^>ed  in  this  se(5lion  lies  no  feet 
higher. 

Station  jy. — 35  feet  above  Station  4  and  85  feet  l)elovv  the 
upper  Spirifer  Icevis  bed,  the  following  species  were  obtained: 
Glyptocardia  speciosa,  Rhynchonella  pus^nus,  Coleolus  aciculum, 
Aftinopteria  boydif ,  (ioniatites  s\>.,  Leda  diversa,  (irammysia  sp?, 
Mytilarca  chemungensis,  >  unulicardium  fragilef 

The  discovery  of  R'i ,  >  chonella  pugnus  at  this  station  extends 
its  vertical  range  in  th..s  region  from  a  limited  zone  in  the  Ith- 
aca group  into  the  middle  Portage,  alxnit  100  feet  l)elow  the  base 
of  the  Ithaca  group. 

Station  6. — The  shelly  sandstone  and  silicious  shale  at  this  sta- 
tion which  is  75  feet  alx)ve  the  lake  and  65  feet  below  the  up- 
per Spirifer  Itevis  zone,  contain  an  abundance  of  Glyptocardia 
speciosa  and  Lunulicardium  fragile:  as.sociated  with  these  are 
Strophodonta  m,ucronata,  Palceoneilo  Jilosa,  Nucnla  diffidens,  Goni- 


98 

specimen 
is  station. 

le  side  of 

ilicardiuw 

h's  U'pida, 

sp. ,  lAn- 

the  lower 
abundant 

he  side  of 
ed  in  the 
'a,  Niiculi- 
urotomaria 
a,  Col  col  US 
Gotiiatitis 

3n,  20  feet 

I,  a  second 

Mated  fau- 

abnndant 

identified 

Gonial  ilt's 

1 1  o  feet 

)elovv  the 
obtained: 
aricHlitvi, 


m  extends 
the  Ith- 
vv  the  base 


-^g 


Ithaca  Group 


29 


w 


atitcs  sp. ,  Col  coin  a  sp. 

Slatiou  7. — The  upper  Spirifcr  Ufvis  zone  of  the  Portage  is 
exposed  here,  140  feet  aljove  the  lake.  Spirifcr  hevis  occurs 
here  even  more  abundantly  than  at  the  Fall  Creek  locality.  The 
small  numlx.'r  of  associated  species  obtained  is  due  doubtless  to 
the  small  amount  of  time  spent  in  coUedlinp  them.  They  are 
as  follows:  Chonctes  Icpida,  Niiaila  sp. ,  Crania  .sp. ,  Lcda  divcrsa, 
Pahcoueilo  Jilosa  a,  I.nnulicardium  fragile^  crinoid  stems. 

The  .*>.  hevix  bed  is  followed  by  about  20  feet  of  coarse  shales 
\  alternating  with  thin  l^edded  sandstone  to  the  base  of  the  Ith- 
^aca  shale. 

Stations. — From  the  Unver  part  of  the  Ithaca  .shale,  160  feet 
Labove  the  lake,  the  following  .species  were  obtained;  Lunulicar- 
\dium  fragile  a,  f.cptodesma  sociale  a,  Lingula  complanata  a,  Colco- 
'Ins  aciculiim,  Conularia  congrcgata. 

Station  g. — At  the  top  of   the  falls,  225  feet  above  the  lake, 
fthe  dark  blue  .shaly  .sandstone  contains  a  sparse  fauna  from  which 
the  following  species  were  recognized:  Produfiella  triincata,  Pal- 
ceoncilo  constrifla,  Plcurotomaria  sp. ,  Nurula  sp. 

Station  10.  —285  feet  above  the  lake,  the  following  species 
were  colle(5led:  Modiomorpha  ncgleflaf,  Palaoncilo  constriHa,  P. 
Jilosa,  Glyptocardia  spcciosa,  Spirifer  mesacostalis,  Rhynchonella 
eximia,  Nucula  diffidcns,  Plcurotomaria  sp. ,  P.  capillaria,  Nucitli- 
tcs  triqiictcr,   Taxocrinus  iihaccttsis. 

The  finding  of  Nuculites  triquetcr  at  this  station  adds  one  more 
species  to  the  li.st  of  recurrent  Hamilton  fossils  in  the  Ithaca 
group. 

The  presence  of  Glyptocardia  spcciosa  at  this  station  is  an  in- 
teresting instance  of  the  recurrence  of  one  of  the  most  charac- 
teristic lower  Portage  fossils  in  the  Ithaca  fauna  above  the 
Ithaca  .shale. 

Station  n. — This  station  which  is  300  feet  above  the  lake  and 
160  feet  above  the  upper  Spirifcr  Icpvis  zone  is  the  highest  point 
at  which  good  outcrops  can  be  obtained.  The  following  species 
were  found  here:  PaLroneilo  cotistrifla,  Lciorhynchus  mcsacostalis 
a,  Chonctes  scitula,  Spirifcr  mcsacostalis,  Microdon  gregarius, 
Rhynchonella  cximia,  Palceoncilo  filosa. 


ffl 


~M 


30 


lUlI.IJCTIN    6 


30 


Section  VIII,  Glenwood. 


1 


The  Glenwood  se<^ion  includes  3S5  feet  of  strata  exjiosed  by 
the  stream  entering  the  lake  at  (ileii\viH)d.  The  seeiion  l)ej;ins 
in  the  Genesee  shale  and  ends  in  the  lower  part  of  the  Ithaea 
group.     No  collecting  was  done  in  the  lower  part  of  the  seeiion. 

Statmt  I. — Just  l)elow  the  railroad,  170  feet  above  the  lake. 

The    following   charaeleristic   lower    Portage  sjKvies  were  oh 
tained  here:   Cilyptocardia  sfuciosa  a,  Palwoneilo  const rifla,  (ionio- 
tifcs  simwsus,  Orthoccras  s^.,  Aniboorlia  itmbonata. 

Statiou  2. —  210  feet  alx)ve  the  lake. 

The  upper  Sf^iri/cr  I'rvis  /one  was  found  at  this  ]>oint.     TIk- 
fauna  obtained  here  is  as  follows:  Sf^irij) r  hrx'is  a,  (h//toar<is  sp., 
/.<«/</  divtrsa,  Plumulinn  plumariix    l\ilcroutilo  brtvis,    /.iinu/ira) 
dintn  /roi^ilt-,  Au/o/>ora  sp.,  I.ini^ula  sp. ,  CV/ont/ts  /</>u/a,   (irani 
mysia  subarcuata,  (loniatifcs  s[>.,  Schi~odus  syt* 

Station  j. — 260  feet  above  the  lake.- 

The  Liniittla  .shale  here  ct)ntain  al>undant  specimens  of  tlu' 
following  sjKH:ies:  /.ini^uia  ionif>/a}iatn,  L.  pioutatix^  l.tiorliymhns 
/f/<'S(i(Osti;/is,  Prodiittt'/la  sptdoso ,  /\^i/of>iiyto)i  primrps. 

Station  /. — 36t^  feet  rdnive  the  lake. 

This  station  is  al)ove  the    Ithaca  siiale  in    the    lowtT    part    ot 
the  Ithaea  group.     It  is  re:narkable  for  the  great  abundance  ol 
the  sj^H^Mes  which  (Kvur  in  the  sandy  shales,  and   for  ih-.'  presemi 
of  /Vtacops  rana  in  abundance  in  a  single  layer.      The  list  (.f  fos 
sils  obtainetl    is  as  follows:    Chonctcs  sdtii/a  a,    C.  sfti^tra  a,    C. 
li'pida  c,  Amboavlia  umbonata  c,  /.(•iortivnc/ms  mtsacostatis  a,  (tlos 
sites  iicprcssns,   Modioniorplia    subalata  var.  r/n niunx<nsis,   (inini 
Mvsia  suban/tata,  Lini^ula  (O/np/anata,  /'a/ironci/o  n>nstri(7a,   /\> 
tcriorrin us  syi.,  P/iypKhondia  tximia,  Conitlaria  (OfHiici>ata.  Stit'lo 
pora  niifki.  Crania  haniiltoniiC  c,  Ltpidodtndron  sp.,  Afcsothyni  s\y 

Station  j^. — 3S5  feet  alH)ve  the  lake.  ;•     ^   ,        v  , 

The  species  noted  at  this  station  are  Produftdta  spcriosa.  Am 

boorlia  nnibonata,  (ht/totcnis  sp  ,  Afitrodon  ^i^rt'i>an'ns,   Modiomoi 

pita  subalata   var.  i/i<  ninnocnsis. 

Section  IX,  Renwick  Brook. 

This  section  is  located  about  ).•  mile  north  of  the  southeast 
ct)rner  of  the  lake.  The  vertical  st*c\ion  studied  here  is  alxini 
250  feet  in  thickness.  I)egiti»iing  l)elow  the  up|)er  Spiri/cr  //rvi 


30 


31 


Ithaca  Group 


31 


CX|X>S0(1     1)\ 

the  Itluica 
the  section. 

;  the  lake, 
es  were  ()l> 
7V7<^  (ionio 


|Kiitit.  Thf 
>'/ior<'ras  sp. , 
,   Lufiuliaif 


mens  of    thf 
l.iiorhvHiliii^ 


wcT   ]iart   of 
binuhmoe  ol 

h'j  presenet. 

list  t.f  fos 
tii^tta  a,  ( 
/<)■//>■  a,  ^//('> 

//.v/.v,   drain 
fis/r/(7a,   Po 

onto.  Sdffi' 
/,  sothyra  sp 

f^rn'osa,  .  \n' 
;.   Modionioi 


niie  soiilhea^^i 
jere  is  alH)Ui 
Xfyiri/cr  hrri 


bed  of  the  Portajjje. 

Station  1 . — This  station  whieh  is  45  feet  above  the  lake,  marks 
the   [xysition  of    the  ;:nj)er  Sf^irifcr  hevis   /one  of    the    Portage. 
Very  few  fossils  besides  .S".  Icevis  were  found;  they  consist  prin- 
Icipally  of   fragments  of  Cnmiatitts  sp.,  crinoid  ^tems,  Ortlnnrras  . 
bt'bn'x  var.  <vn'/(i/yjf,  and  lilossitis  deprcssusf  v      ; •         ,  ,  > 

Station  2. — In  the  Ithaca  shale,  50  feet  above  Station  /,  the 
i following  fauna  was  found:  /.nnniiiatdiutn  frajrili-  i\,  /.cptodcsnia 
\$orial('  a,  J.fiorhync/ins  mfsacosta/is,  (ioniatitrs  i/isroidrns,  Lini^ula 
complanata. 

Station  -7 — 95  feet  alx>ve  Station  /,  the  following  fauna  (X^- 
;urs:  Leiorhynclius  n/rsact'statis,  /.im^n/a  complanata,  Loxoncwa 
sp.,  Proa'mltlla  sptriosa,  C/tonftts  Si/th/a,  Ort/ioaras  pccator,  l.ip- 
\iottt'snia  so<iale,  ^^^^"'     ■' 

Station  ^. — 1'^5  feet  al)ove  Station  /,  the  following  species  oc- 

:ur:   Picnroioniaria  capillaria,  Spirifer  n/csarosta/is,  Modioniorpha 

Isnba/ata    var.   thcnniniicnsis,    (irainniysia    snbannata ,    Pal(fO)u'ilo 

\plana,    Ihodncttlla    spcriosa,    Rliynchonilla    cxiniia,    /.tioriiynrhns 

Wtsarostaiis. 

Station  5. — P/nn/ntina  p/nn/aria  occurs  at  this  point,  220  feet 
above  Station  /,  in  a  single  stratum,  in  great  abnudance.  A.sso- 
ciated  with  it  are  /\//\n</tont//a  t.vimia,  Crania  sp.,  Spin/'tr  >nrs- 
aiosta/i.\,  and   .hntworiia  nn//>onata. 

Stations  6  Si  y. — 235  feet  above  Station  1.  the  following  fauna 
occurs:  /x/ivnclt,  nt'lla  sttp/iani,  P.  (Xiniia,  .  Itlinoptcria  sp.,  (,'on/- 
p/toccras  tnmiduni ,  linoniplialns  sp?,  .\niboca'lia  nnifwnata,  Pltnro- 
ton/aria  s\).,  C/ionctcs  sctii^ira. 

Section  X,  Newfield  Creek. 

'riic  exposures  of  the  Newfield  .seoliou  occur  along  the  gorge 
of  Newfield  creek.  The  seOlion  begins  in  the  Ithaca  group 
rocks  and  extends  through  them  to  tlie  unfo.ssilil'erous  flags  and 
sliales  above,  b'rom  the  last  .station  of  this  .section,  which  is 
350  feet  above  the  Inlet  valley,  to  the  tops  of  the  hills  which 
rise  700  feet  above  the  valley,  the  flags  and  shales  appear  io  be 
entirely  l)arren  of  fo.ssils. 

Station  1.  —  At  the  f(X)t  of  the  ca.scade  at  the  lower  end  of 
the   gorge,  the  rock    is  an    arenaceous,  .shelly    sandstone.     The  - 


""■"iliiipppp 


!   .;< 


1 

i 

i'  1 

1 

1 

■ 

'■ 

32 


Bulletin  6 


32 


horizon  here  is  evidently  above  the  Ithaca  shale.  Only  a  few 
fossils  were  obtained.  Palcponeilo  consiriHa,  Cfwnctcs  scitula  and 
Nnciila  diffidens  being  the  most  abundant. 

Station  2. — Above  the  cascade,  6o  feet  higher  than  Station  /. 
the  more  common  species  are  Leiorhynchus  mesacostalis,  Afodio- 
morpha  siibalata  var.  chrmungensis,  Amboarlia  umbonata,  and 
Nuaila  diffidens. 

Station  j. — At  this  station,  15  feet  above  the  last,  the  pre- 
dominant fossils  are  Modiomorpha  siibalata  var.  cheniungcnsis, 
Chonetes  setif^era  and   C.  scitula. 

Station  4. — The  predominant  fossils  at  this  point  which  is  r6o 
feet  above  Station  /,  are  Spirifer  mcsacostalis  and  ..S".  mcsastrialis. 
Some  of  the  associated  fossils  are  Cyrtina  hamiltonensis,  Rhyncho- 
nella  cximia,  Paleeoneilo  constriHa,  and  Aflinoptcria  perstrialis. 

Station  5. — 180  feet  above  Station  i. 

A  calcareous  layer  about  18  inches  thick  occurs  here  CMitain- 
ing  an  abundance  of  crinoid  stems  and  Monticuliporo''  r      's. 

The  following  species  were  obtained  here:  Schizodns  dieniunff- 
ensis,  Glossites  depressus,  Stiflopora  tnecki,  Microdon  gregarins, 
Aftinopteria  boydi,  Calhpora  s,\).  ■      ' 

Station  6.  — 195  feet  above  Statioii  i. 

The  abundant  and  characfleristic  fossils  at  this  horizon  are 
Atrypa  reticularis,  Produilella  speciosa,  and  Spirifer  mcsacostalis. 

Station  7. — 3.50  feet  above  Station  1 . 

This  station  is  about  Yz  mile  below  the  village  of  Newfiekl 
at  the  first  rock  exposure  below  the  flour  mill.  A  remarkable 
recurrent  Portage  fauna  occurs  at  this  l(x:ality  entirely  alx)ve  the 
Ithaca  group  fauna.  The  following  species  were  obtained :  Glyp- 
tocardia  speciosa,  Lunulicardiuni  fragile,  Palaoneilo  constriHa,  Co 
leolus  sp. 

Prof.  Williams  has  found,  from  about  the  same  horizon,  the 
following  additional  Portage  species:  Lingula  complanata,  13 cl- 
lerophon  mccra,  Sirophodonta  mucronata. 

Above  this  station  for  a  distance  of  more  than  300  feet,  the 
rocks  consist  of  shales  and  thin  bedded  sandstones,  and  appear 
to  be  barren  of  fossils. 


iii 


Only  a  few 
y  scitula  and 

x\.  Station  /, 
talis,  Modio- 
bonata,    and 

ust,  the  pre- 
\emungcnsis, 

vhich  is  r6o 
mcsastrialis. 
is,  Rhyncho- 
erstrialis. 

ere  contain 
O^'   r       %. 
W5  cheniuns;- 
■  gf'^gafius, 


lorizon.  the 
'anata,  Bcl- 


AND  It] 


>o      80      I 
o 


10 
|o 


o 


'~^jgfgg/ffllllSgimiSBtlKB^^ 


,,»..-# 


Tablk  vShowing  the  Rangk  of  Some  of  the  Species  of  the  1 

I/Ower  Portage.  ith 


240   220   200 

Stiflopora  meeki 

Zaphrentis  simplex 

A  nlopora   sp 

Ctadochotttis  sp 

Taxocrinus  ithacensis 

A rtkroacantha  sp 

Strophodonta  mucronata 

Strophodonta  perplana  var.  nervosa 

Strophodonta  demissa 

Produflclla  hallatia 

ProdiiBella  spcciosa 

IJngula  spattilata 

Lingida  complanata 

Ling  Ilia  punflata 

Cyrtina  hamiftotiensis 

Ambocivlia   ximbonata 

Spirifer  Icevis 

Spirifer  mesastrialis 

Spirifer  mesacostalis 

Orthis  impressa 

Rhynchonella  eximia 

Rhynchonella  pugnus 

Leiorhynchtis  mesacostalis 

Cryptonella  cudora 

A  try  pa  reticularis 

Chonetes  scitula 

Chonetes  lepida 

Coleolus  acictdum 

Tentaculites  spiculus 

Conularia  congregata 

Pleurotomaria  capillaria 

Belle rophon  leda 

Bellerophon  ithacensis 

Gomphoceras  tumidum 

Goniatites  sinuosus 

Goniatites  discoidcus 

Grammy sia  siibarcuata 

Spathella  typica 

Glyptocardia  speciosa 

Schizodus  chemungensis 

Leda  diversa 

Lutiulicardiutn  fragile 

Leptodesma  sociale 

Mytilarca  chemungensis 

Modiomorpha  subalata   var.  chemungensis.. 

Microdon  brllistriatus 

Microdon  gregarius 

Nucula  corbidiformis 

Nucula  dijffidens 

Palceoneilo  constrifta 

Palceoneilo  filosa 

A  viadopeflen  cancellatus 

Plerinopefl en  ereflus 

Pterin ea  (  Vcrtumnia  )  reproba 

Phacops  rana 

Plumulina  plumaria 

*  The  figures  above  each  column  in  this  table  indicate  the  ve 

t  spirifer  Icevis  zone. 


180  160  140  120  100  80   60   40 


20 


o 


o 


o 


o 


o 


o 
o 


o 

o 


(J 


o 


o 
o? 


o 


o 


o 
o 


o 


o 


o 


o 


o 


■tical  distance  above  or  below  the  upi)er  Sp 


irifer  lervis  bed  of  the  Po 


HK  Speciks  op  thk  Portagk  Axn  Ithaca  Faunas  at  Ithaca,  N.  Y.* 

Ith.  Sh.  Ithaca  Group. 


o 


o 


40   20   •(•   20   40   60  80  100  120  140  160  180  200  220  240  260  280  300  320  340  360  380  400 


o   o 


o 


o 


o 

o 
o 
o 


o 
o 


o 
o 


o 


o 

o    o 

o 


o 

o   o 


o 


o 

o   o 


o 
o 


o 
o   o 


o 
o 


o    o 


o 
o 


o 

o   o 


o 


o 

o 

o 
o 


o 
o 
o 


o 


o 


o 


o 


o 


o 


o 
o 

o 

o 


o 
o 


o 


o   o 


o 


o   o 

o 
o 


o 


o   o 


. 

0 

0 

0 

0 

. 

0 

, 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

. 

0 

0 

, 

o 


o   o 
o 


o 

o 

o 
o 


o 


o 


o 
000 


o 


o 


o 


o   o 
o   o 


20  o 
o 
o 
o 


o   o 


o   o 
o 

o 


o 
o 


o   o 


o 
o 
o   o 


o 
o 


o 


ri/er  l(rvis  bed  of  the  Portage.    This  table  is  base<l  on  four  sedlions  in  which  the  Spirifi 


o 
o 


o 
n 


O 
o 
o 


o 
o 


o 
o 


o 
o 


o 
o 


o        o 
o 


o 
o 


o 


o 


O  O  tJ         o  o  o 

o 


o        o 


o 


o 


o 


o 
o 


r  Icpvis  zone  has  been  ascertained. 


o 
O 


o 


o 
o        o 


o 
o 


o 

o 

o 
o 


o 
o 


o 


o 
o 

• 

o 

o 


•f 


1 


-* 


33 


Ithaca  Group 


33 


PART  III. 

List  of  Speciks   Occurrtng  in  thk   Potrac-.e  and   Ithaca 

Groups. 

The  present  list  contains  alf  of  the  species  which  have  been 
ound  by  the  writer  or  reported  by  other  from  these  faunas  at 
Ithaca,  together  with  notes  on  their  range,  abundance  and  varia- 
tion. 


Coelenterata. 

Cladochoniis  sp. 

An  undetermined   species  of   this  genus  is   one   of   the   most 
abundant  and  charaderistic  fossils  of  the  lower  Portage. 
Aulopora  sp. 

A  species  of  Auhpora  attached  to  the  valves  of  brachiopods 
is  common  at  many  localities  in  the  Ithaca  group  and  in  the 
upper  Spirifcr  hcvis  zone  of  the  Portage. 

Stromatopora  sp.  . 

This  genus   has   been  reported   by    Prof.  Williams  from   the 
|lthaca  group. 

^Hclopora  tneeki  Nicholson. 

A  very  abundant  fossil  throughout  the  Ithaca  group. 
'^aphrtntis  simplex f  HnW. 

Specimens  resembling  this  species  have  been  found   at  a  sin- 
gle locality  m  a  calcareous  sandstone  in  Williams  Creek  section. 

I  have  found  an  undetermined  species  of  this  genus  occurring 
ibundantly  in  a  calcareous  stratum  at  station  10-5. 

iEchinodermata. 

\Taxocrhius  Wiaceiisis  H.  S.  W.  ;i 

A  single  perfedt  specimen  from  the   Ithaca  group  at   station 
7-10  has  been  found. 

Xrthroacantha  ithacensis  H.  S.  W.  -  ' 

This  crinoid    is  rather  common  at   station   1-13  in  the  upper 


IP 


BULLETIN    6 


34 


'"  .      The  original   s,H.ciu.et.s  can.e  from 

,,n  of  the  jth- ^^^^^  ^T.,,U.er  falls, 

the  bottom  of  the  gors^ 

W.„«rm«  .W/-««^  H^    ^  ,^^„  ,„,  nuaca  group. 
Reported  by  H.  b.  w  ^ 

Lower  Ithaca  gro«p.-H.  b.  w 

Ithaca  group.-H.b.wm  ^    «   W 

Portage  group?-H.  h.  wi  . 

r««n'»«  /«««■'««  var  «//;*<■  H.  b   W.        , 
Ithaca  group.-H,  S.  WlUams. 

Taxocrinu.  curlus  n^S."^^ 
Portage  group.— H.  b.  wui 

Mollttscoidea  and  MoUu8ca. 

Brachiopoda. 

Piscitta  negleda  Hall. 
Upper  Ithaca  group. 

Discina  grandisi  Hall.  -^^  ^^cur  in  the 

Specimens  which  appear  to  belong  to  V- 

Ithaca  group. 

Lingula  complanata  H.  S.  W. 
Abundant  in  the  Ithaca  shale. 

Ungula  pu7ictata  YL2i\\.  ,       v  -  . 

Ithaca  shale.  l- 

Ungula  spaiulata  Ha-W.  ,,;; 

Ithaca  shale.  '^ 

Lingula  ligea  Hall. 
Ithaca  shale.  ^^^^  ^^^^^^^^     j;     y 

Crania?,'^.  ',      ',   i .. -//^ »,/.«»  <vcurs  throiiR^' 

A  species  of  Cm«/ti  resembling  6.  //a/^///^^^'^  <^*^t^^ 

the  Portage  and  Ithaca  rocks. 


t 


34 

inie  from 


35 


Ithaca  Group 


35 


s  occur  in 


the 


occurs 


thfottg^^ 


Cyrtiiia  hamiltonensis  Hall. 

Very  abundant  in  the  upper  part  of  the  Ithaca  group. 

The  large  number  of  specimens  of  this  species  which  have 
been  examined  show  but  slight  tendency  to  vary,  except  in  size. 
Average  specimens  have  a  width  of  about  Yi  inch  along  the  hinge 
line;  the  longest  no*'ced  measured  seven-tenths  of  an  inch. 

Amboarlia  timbonata  Conrad. 
Abundant  in  the  Ithaca  group. 

Strophodonta  mucronatu  Hall. 

Very  abundant  in  the  upper  Ithaca  group.  It  also  occurs 
through  most  of  the  Portage. 

Strophodonta  perplana  var.  nervosa  Hall. 

Occurs  in  the  Ithaca  group  but  is  less  common  than  the  pre- 
Iceding. 

\Strophodonta  demissaf  Con. 

A  rare  species  in  the  Ithaca  group. 

^roduflus  { ProduHella)  hallanus  Walcott. 

Two  or  three  specimens  of  this  species  have  been  found  in 
the  upper  part  of  the  Ithaca  group. 

'^rodtiflella  speciosa  Hall. 

This  is  an  abundant  and  chara(5leristic  .species  of  the  Ithaca 
group.  The  larger  specimens  measure  from  four-fifths  to  one 
inch  in  width.  The  most  abundant  species  associated  with  it  in 
the  Ithaca  group  are  Strophodonta  miicronata,  Spitifer  mesacos- 
talis,  and  Cyrtina  hamiltonensis, 

Produflella  trnncata  Hall. 

This  is  a  common  species  in  the  Ithaca  shale.  It  seems  to 
differ  from  P.  speciosa  only  in  size,  some  specimens  measuring 
not  more  than  one-tenth  of  an  inch,  while  those  of  average  size 
are  from  three-tenths  to  two-fifths  of  an  inch  in  width.  In  the 
lower  part  of  the  Ithaca  group,  forms  occur  which  seem  to  be 
intermediate  between  P.  trnncata  and  P.  speciosa. 

Spirifer  mesacostalis  Hall. 

m  Abundant  in  the  Ithaca  group.     .S".  mesacostalis  shows  a  large 
^feiount  of  variation  in  specimens  from  the  same  horizon.     Vari- 
ation occurs  principalh-  in  conne(5lion  with  four  different  charac- 
ters,— the  number  of  plications,  the  extent   of  the  hinge  line, 


mw^sm 


1 


BULLETIN   6 


3^ 


one^  50  or  6o,  of  ^^-^^J'Z^^  ^   ^^^  T"!  f  l^^c^ 
f.lls  and  KcWy's  c^a'"  <^3«>^  ^f  ^  ^    .     ^^,„e  tuiniber  show  a  trace 


one 

fall 


3^  ,       -;«cr1(>  or  duplicate,  and 

a?e  ™V"-'  '•""^'  ""■■  ""'"  T      \  «  V  small  ,«r  cent    peri>='l- 

trace 
have 
;;;- 7  plication  in   the  snius      ---■-  ^^^j^^^.     AU  of  the 

been  noticed  in  specimens  frmn  be  o.     ^    ^^^^^^   ^^^  ^.^^^ 
srecimens  which  were  P^^l^J^l^  ^  '^^ 

In  septnm  extend.K -ar      Uuougl    ^^   ^^^.^^.  ^^^^ 
ventral  valve.     The  ^rcatcs    a  ^^^^  .pecunens,  the  hm^ 

in  the  extent  of  the  hnige  hnc       n  ^^^^.^^   ^^.^^^    ,„ 

;;:  aoes  not  extend  ^y^^J^^^Lr.  than  e,ual  the  w.dth 
others  its  delicate  spnie-like  project 
of  the  valves.  . 

Spirifer  lavis  Hall.  f^^„,  ^^e  upper  part 

Prof   Williams  has  reported  this  "^^^'f      ^  ^^^.^ral  specuneus 

of  the  Ithaca  group  and  the  -^^^'Z,  ,one.  so  that  tins 

of  it  no  feet  below  tbe  "Pi-  Po^^^^^^^^^  ^^^^^^  ,,  „ot  less  than 

species  is  now  known  to  have  a  %e 

5CX)  feet. 


-H   S.  Williams. 


Sbirifer  fimbriata  Morton. 

;  Lower  part  of  the  Ithaca  group.- 

Spirifer  an^usta  Hall.  ^:iiiams  ^^     "    ' 

Lower  Ithaca  group.-H.  S.  WUliams. 

spirifer  mesastrialis  Hall.  i^  has 

This  is  a  very  abundant  species  in  the  ItUaca  g       v 
not  been  found  in  the  Portage.  ^    ,    ,,^     ,,.;    ..'. 

Orthis  impressa  Hall.  ^     Ithaca  group 

This  is  one  of  the  ^baraaeristic    ossds  of^  ^  ^^^,, 

Most  specimens  have  ^be  1-gth  and  be^^^^^^^^^^^  ,,. 

— dl^e^ir  ^-t  ^^^^^  according  to  Prof.  William. 
1^-  having  the  shell  wider  than  long. 
R,ynchonella  iStenoschisma)  eximia  Halh  ^^ 

Occurs  through  the  greater  part  of  the  Uliac.   g 


36 

ate.  and 
In  fiftN 
t;r  Port 
12  to  24. 

perhai)s 
^)h  a  miner 
:)  show  a 
w  a  trace 
^ers  have 
\,U  of  the 
^tina  me- 
ars  in  the 
3wever,  is 

the  hin^^e 
^,  while  in 
I  the  width 


uv>per  pari 
\  specimens 
so  that  this 
ot  less  than 


s. 


37 


Ithaca  (fRot'p 


37 


roup. 


It  has 


Ithaca  gronp 
rly  equal,  bolli 
form  of   thi> 
^rof.  Willia"^^ 


V  group. 


The  forms  descrilx-'cl  as  A',  (xiniia  and  A*,  sfep/iani  appear  to 
l)e  varieties  of  the  same  species.  The  larger  specimens  sometimes 
have  a  width  of  one  inch,  and  the  strong  angular  plications  char- 
aC'leristic  of  A',  strp/iani.  The  ratio  of  length  and  breadth  varies 
c()nsideral)ly  in  different  individuals;  generally  the  length  is 
slightly  greater  than  the  width,  hnt  in  some  individuals  the 
length  and  breadth  have  the  ratio  of  8  to  11.  The  majority  of 
the  specimens  are  not  more  than  %  to  3^2  inch  in  width  and 
have  the  finer  jilications  of  A',  cxitnia. 

Rhynchonella  contrafia   Hall. 

Lower  part  of  the  Ithaca  group. 

Ryhnchonella  pugnu^  Martin. 

This  species  which  has  heretofore  been  known  only  in  the 
Ithaca  fauna.  I  have  found  in  the  Portage  below  the  upper 
Spiri/cr  hrvix  /.one. 

Liiorhyyichus  mcsacostalis  Hall. 

This  .species  is  very  abnndant  in  the  Ithaca  group,  occurring 
in  some   layers  almost   to  the  exclusion  of  other  species.     The 
P specimens  vary  greatly  in  size,  the  largest  measuring  alx)Ut  i^ 
finches  at  the  greatest  width,   while  average  specimens  measure 
about   ^4  of  an  inch.     Lcioi/iync/iiis  sinuatus  is  probably  a  small 
ariety  of  this  species. 

'ryptonella  nidora  Hall. 

This  .species  appears  to  have  a  very  limited  vertical  range.  It 
occurs  abundantly  near  the  middle  of  the  Ithaca  group. 

Atiypa  reticularis  Hall. 

This  species  becomes  abundant  in  the  upper  part  of  the  Ith- 
aca group.  It  .seems  to  be  entirely  ab.sent  from  the  Portage 
lind  the  lower  part  of  the  Ithaca  fauna. 

Atrypa  aspera  Hall. 

Abundant  at  a  few  localities  in  the  upper  part  of  the  Ithaca 
group.       - 

Qionetcs  kpida  Hall. 

This  is  a  common    Portage  species, 
group,  but  le.ss  frequently. 

Chonetcs  scitula  Hall. 

Specimens  of  the  C.  scitula  type  occur  associated  with  C.  seti- 


It   occurs  in  the   Ithaca 


^j^sp*" 


ft 


38 


BnxKTiN  6 


9S 


! 


I-F 


j^era,  but  are  much  less  common  than  the  latter.  This  si>ecies 
seems  to  t)e  a  variety  of  C.  setifrera:  the  same  is  probably,  but 
less  certainly,  true  of  C.  Upida. 

•  Pteropoda. 

Tantacidites  spiciilus  Hall.  *  f 

This  is  a  rare  species  in  the  Ithaca  group. 

Styliolina  fissurella  Hall. 

This  .species  is  recorded   by  Williams   from    the   Portage  and 
the  lower  part  of  the  Ithaca  group. 

Coleolus  aciculum  Hall. 
Common  in  the  Portage  and  the  Ithaca  shale. 

Hyolithes  aclis  Hall, 

Lower  Portage. — H.  S.  Williams. 

Conularia  congregata  Hall. 

Occurs  in  the  Ithaca  shale  rarely;  more  common  in  the  mid- 
dle and  upper  part  of  the  Ithaca  group. 

Coleoprion  sp. 

This  genus  is  recorded  by  Williams  from  the  uppei         rifcr 
IfEvis  zone  of  the  Portage. 

Ga.stropoda. 

Etiomphalus  {Straparollus)  hecale  Yi?i\\. 
Ithaca  group.— H.  S.  Williams. 

Pleurotomaria  capillaria  Hall. 

Common  through  the  Portage  and  Ithaca  groups. 

Loxonema  delphicola  Hall. 

This  species  is  common  in  the  lower  part  of  the  Ithaca  group 
above  the  Ithaca  shale. 

Bellerophon  leda  Hall. 

This  is  a  rather  rare  species  in  the  upper  part  of  the  Ithaca 
group. 

Bellerophon  expianatusf  Hall. 

A  few  specimens  from  the  upper   part   of  the  Ithaca  group 
stations  2-9,  2-14,  and   2-16,  are  referred   with  doubt   to  thi^ 


-1 


38 


Ithaca  Group 


39 


is  species 
ably,  but 


ortage 


aiul 


m 


the  mW- 


ppei 


'rifcr 


species.  They  are  much  smaller  than  the  specimen  figured  by 
Hall,  and  have  the  dorsum  flat  instead  of  rounded  as  in  that 
s^iecies. 

Bellerophon  ithacensis  n.  sp.,  PI.  i,  fi^.s.  i,  2. 

The  specimens  on  which  this  species  is  based  are  somewhat 
distorted  and  crushed. 

Shell  of  medium  size.  Width  of  flattened  specimen  greater 
than  the  length .  The  aperture  is  considerably  expanded.  Vo- 
lutions apparently  not  more  than  one  or  two.  The  dorsum  is 
marked  with  a  sharp  elevated  carina. 

The  surface  is  marked  by  a  peculiar  wrinkling,  varying  in  its 
development  from  roughly  transverse  striae  to  a  pustulose  or 
reticulate  surface. 

The  ornamentation  of  this  species  is  unique,  readily  distin- 
guishing it  from  any  other  of  the  genus. 

From  the  Ithaca  group,  station  1-13.  , 

Macrochcilus  {/fohpea)  macrostomusf  Hall. 

A  single  well-preserved  specimen  of  this  genus  has  been  ob- 
tained from  station  6-1,  in  the  lower  part  of  the  Ithaca  group. 

Platy stoma  lineatum  var.  callosum  Ha' 

This  gastropod  is  rather  common  in  the  University  quarry  as- 
sociated with  Spirifer  mesacoslalis  and  5".  mesrstrialis. 

Platy ceras  carmatum  Hall. 

Common  at  a  few  localities  in  the  Ithaca  group. 


ps. 

I  Ithaca  grouv 

t  of  the  Ithaca 


Ithaca  group 
^  doubt   to  tlu> 


Cephalopoda. 

Orthoceras  fulgidiim  Hall. 
This  is  rather  rare  in  the  Ithaca  group. 

Orthoceras  leander  Hall? 

A  few  specimens  from  the  Ithaca  group  are  referred   to  this 
:cies.  ■ 

Vthoceras  pecator  Hall. 

Two  specimens  were  obtained  from  the  Ithaca  group  at  sta- 
ion  2-12. 

Orthoceras  anguis  Hall.  . 

Occurs  in  the  upper  Spirifer  Icevis  zone  of  the  Portage. 


40 


Bl'LLKTIN    6 


40 


ml 


Ihf/ioccras  dcmns  Hall. 

Specimens  referred   to  this  ^^eiu^   were    found    in    the    Ithaca 
group  at  station  i-i  i. 

Ori/ioceras  handcr  Hall.  o 

From  the  Ithaca  group.  ■.    ■  ,•     ; 

Orthoccras  pcrtcxtinn  Hall. 
This  species  is  recorded  from  the  Ithaca  gr()U[)  by  Hall. 

Orthoccras  bcbryx  var.  cayui^a  Hall. 

This  is  the  most  abundant  species  of  Orthoccras;  found  at   Itli- 
aca.     It  ranges  throughout  the  Ithaca  group. 

(romp/ioccras  tiouidum  Hall. 

This  species  is  rather  conmion  in  the  Ithaca  group.     A  small 
variety  of  it  occurs  in  the  upi)er  Sp.  I<rvis  zone  ot   the  Portage. 

PorccUia  nais  Hall.* 

This  is  a  rare  species  occurring  occasionally  in  the  Ithaca  group. 

(roniatitcs  siHuosns  Hall.  j:       , 

This  species  ranges  from  the  lower  Portage  through  the  Ithaca 
Sroup. 

(roniatitcs  pcracietus  Hall.  •     •  ■ 

A  single  well  preserved  specimen  from  station  .|-2,  a1x)ut  fif- 
teen feet  above  the  Spirifcr  Irevis  zone.      (Omitted  in  list,  p.  2.^1. 

(ioniatitcs  romplanafus  Hall. 
This  is  a  common  .specie.;  in  the  Portage. 

Gon  in  titcs  disco  id t  'its  Hall. 
Conunon  in  the  Portage. 

(ioniatitcs  simulator  Hall. 
Ithaca  group.— Hall. 

Goniatitcs  unianffularis  Con, 

Some  -specimens  from  the  Ithaca  group  are  doubtfully  referred 
to  this  .species. 


PelecvjKxla. 

Phthonia  cylindrica  Hall.  ~       r 

A  single  entire  specimen  of   this  species   has   been    found 
*  Classed  by  the  writer  amoiijj;  oeplialopods,  <l<.uotless  by  inistiikf.     1 


'i:»i 


40 

the    Ithaca 


41 


Ithaca  Group 


41 


•  Hall. 
nm\  at  Ub- 


ihe  PortaK^' 


Ithaca  «rouv 
ightbe  Ithaca 


^_2,  alMHit  fit- 
Lmlist,  p.  23)- 


nibtfully  referred' 


,s   hocti    foniul 
•ss  V)v  niistuUf. 


Station  6-1  in  the  Ithaca  shale.     It  har,  not  been  reported  before 
from  the  Ithaca  group. 

Phihonia  lirata  Hall. 

Ithaca  shale.— H    S.  William.s. 

Pholadella  radiata  Hali. 
Ithaca  group. — Hall. 

Spcxthella  typica  Hall. 

Common  in  the  Portage  and  Ithaca  groups. 

Schizodus  chevuing crisis  Hall. 

This   is  a  common  species   in    the  upper   part   of   the   Ithaca 
group  at  Ithaca. 

Schizodus  clunniuircnsis  var.  quadrangularis  Hall. 

A  few  specimens  have  the  distin(5lly  ere(5l  form  of  the  variety 
(Itscribed  as  quadrangularis  by   Hall. 

iilossites  dipressus  Hall. 

This  species  occurs  in  the  Spirifer  Iccvis  zone,  and  is  occasion- 
ally found  in  the  Ithaca  group. 

iGrammysia  subanuata  Hall. 

This   is   a   connnon    species   throughout   most   of    the   Ithaca 

oup.     It  als(5  occurs  in  the  upper  Portage. 

Prof.  Hall  has  recorded  the  three  following  species  of  Gram- 
lysia  from  the  "lower  Chemung"  at  Ithaca:  Grammysia  magna 
flail,  G.  circularis  Hall,  and  G.  dliptica  Hall. 

oniopJiora  minor  Hall. 
Rather  common  in  the  Ithaca  group, 

oniophora  hamiltonensis  Hall. 

This  species  occurs  in  the   Ithaca  group,  but   less  commonly 

an  the  preceding.  • 

Mdmondia  suhovata  Hall. 
,   Connnon  in  the  upper  part  of  the  Ithaca  group. 

^icrodon  {CypHcardiila)  hellisf, iatus  (Conrad)  Hall. 

M  Common  throughout  most  of   the  Ithaca  group.     It    has  not 

1|feen  found  in  the  Portage. 

ficrodon  gregarius  Hall. 
__This  species  is  associated  with  the  former,  but  is  le.ss  connnon. 


.„«*' 


iS** 


BULLEVIN   6 


4* 


la 

i 

■ 

i 

*.^i^o,o„  len..U>r!«>.a  HaU         ^^^^^  ^^„„p._H.  S.  WiUiams. 
From  the  lower  part  of  t. 

Con.carmm  ">"""»  "^from  the  Ithaca  group  by  Trof.  Ha  . 

This  species  is  repoi  lc 
CUfiocariia  'A^^"  «f  ^  eharafleristic  and  abundant  portage 

Ithaca  group;  toiina  o 

ptychodesma  nanum  Hall.  - 

'ithaca  group.— Hall. 

u      ^  uoxp  been  found   in 

Panenka  sp.  •„,,„,  of   this  genus  ha^e  beei 

Two  imperfea  spec  nien^^^ 

the  Ithaca  group  m  the  t^a 

Macrodon  chcmrin^'nu^J^^^^  ^^       ,  i„  surface  ni^k- 

Soecimens  corresponding  to  ^"^^^  ^  ^^^  ithaca  group.     Tht 

•   ^  Tr  sDaringlv  in  the  upper  part  «y"^        concentric  struc 

ing  occur  sparing  ^^^^^^   ^^  ."'f  f "    u'es  which  mark 

t,«„o  hpen  fouiul 
Parana  sp.  .  x  .^^^j^  aenvs  have  oeci 

A  few  fragmentary  specimens  ot  g 

in  the  Ithaca  group.  ■v^^- 

M.../a  diffidens  HaU- ^  .  .     ^^^^  portage  and  Ithaca  groups. 

This  is  a  common  species 
Nuada  corbuliformis  Hall.  ^         ^.^^,„,  ,vhich  ap 

Ar«../a  lamdlata  Hall.  .^  ^^^  ^^^,,,  g^oup.     t.o 

This  is  apparently  a  rare  spc 
specimens. 

A^,.,«/z^.:.  triiiuetcr  Con.  .  ^^^^^^ed  from  sU 

A  single  good  specimen  of  this  specie  | 

tion  7-IO  in  the  Ithaca  group.  ^  I 

-^T  -  -       pal^oneilo  constrim  ^^-^'f\^f-,^  p^^^age  and  Ithaca  group^l 
This  is  a  very  common  fossil  of  the  I  ortag 


42 


43 


Ithaca  Group 


43 


Villiaiiis. 
>rof.  Hall. 

It   Portage 

above  il^e 

tiaca  fauna. 


en 


found   ill 


mrface  mark- 
group.     T"^^^ 
icentric   striie 
i  which  mark 
pustules,  giv- 


ve 


been 


fomul 


Ithaca  groups 

idffis  which  ap 
.  Hamilton. 


ca  group. 


tw" 


btained  from  ^t; 


,ud  Ithaca  gr'>^n- 


occurring  at  nearly  every  station,  and  usually  associated  with  P. 
Jilosa.     It  varies  greatly  in  form  and  size. 

The  specimens  referred  to  this  species  include  many  which 
correspond  to  Hall's  figures  of  P.  maxima,  but  which  seem  to 
be  only  variations  of  the  P.  constrifla  type. 

PalcEoneilo  constrifla  var.y?^.r7/(7.ya  (Conrad)  Hall. 
Ithaca  group. — Hall. 

Paliponeilo  Jilosa  Con , 

This  is  a  common  species  of  the  Portage  and  Ithaca  groups. 
It  shows  comparatively  little  tendency  to  variation.  Well  pre- 
served specimens  show  distin<5l,  fine  striae  between  the  coarser 
ones  on  the  posterior  part  of  the  shell,  similar  to  P.  fecunda. 

PalcEoneilo  plana  Hall. 

This  species  occurs  in  the  Ithaca  group,  but  is  much  less 
common  than  the  two  preceding. 

Palaoneilo  emarginataf  (Conrad)  Hall. 

Two  imperfe(5l  specimens  from  the  Ithaca  group  are  referred 
to  this  species. 

eda  diver sa  Hall. 

This  species  is  rather  common  in  the  Portage  and  Ithaca  groups. 

eda  curtaf  Meek. 
Lower  Portage. — H.  S.  Williams. 

Leda  perstriata  Hall. 

Upper  Spirifer  Icevis  zone. — H.  S.  Williams. 

Modiomorpha  subalata  var.  chemungensis  Hall. 

This  is  one  of  the  most  abundant  species  in  the  Ithaca  group. 

Modiomof-pha  subalata  Hall. 

Some  specimens  from  the  Portage  and  Ithaca  groups  corre- 
l^nd  to  M.  subalata  of  the  Hamilton. 

^odiomorpha  concentrica  Hall. 

A  few  specimens  have  been  found  in  the  Ithaca  group. 

^fodioviorpha  complanata  Hall. 
!;'  From  the  lower  part  of  the  Ithaca  group. — H.  S.  Williams. 

mfodiomorpha  negleilaf  Hall. 

.^_A  single  specimen  from  .station  7-10  is  referred  to  ti  >  .species. 


w 


BULLETIN   6 


44 


44 


TW«  ^If^twrrroup.  „. ........  ,„„,  bed  a.  Ul--...'^'  ; 


>his  species  is  common  |,__ 

^  ""fl  the  ordinary  specmrens  of  A/ 
ffiorTand  -aU  si.e. 

,„d  occurs  less  ^^^^-^^^r^  i„  the  exterrs^"  of   the^         g^^_ 
viduals  show  f^at  vana  ^y.^^,,      <,f  the  «>  >       ^,  ^^,,, 

,ibi«sity  o    '^^^^'^^'■eCely  to  HalVs  hs"-;: ,j^;,^u>tions  „f 

r.  sociale. 

-.  •    .  r»f  /  cfyfodcsnid 

/,^W..ma  naz^i/bm.  Hall.  ,.       - . 

From  the  Ithaca  group.-Hall. 

P,..n.a  C  V^^^^^:^^,  oMhe  Ithaca  group. 
Common  m  the  upper  p 

«.„-».^./7«  '-^"■'  «f  ■  ^  f,,  specimens  have  ^ee.^  "!>,;"•;:„ 

This  is  a  rare  spectes.     A  fe^     P-^^^^.^^  q„„,y  and 
from  the  Ithaca  group  at 
creek. 

pterinopcae'i  mborbicuhrit  Hall.  ^■^^^^^^, 

^c4  in  the  Ithaca  gro«p.-H.  b.  NV 

^wK^/'fto  »«^''"'"""  "''"„   c   Williams.        ■ 
From  the  Ithaca  group.-H.  h.  «  ^ 

Aviculopenenfa^cuU^^-^  ^^^^  ^^^^  ^„„p.     0,.e  spec, 

Jrr::fS1oth"s;ciesisfromstat,on.-.4. 


%i 


i} 


45 


Ithaca  Group 


45 


,  been  pbtaiiK-a 
ry  and   in   Vail 


occasionally  in  the  Ithaca  group. 

Avindopeflen  rugo'stn'atusf  Hall. 

A  few  specimens  which  are  found  in  the  Portage  and  Ithaca 
groups  are  doubtfully  referred  to  this  species. 

Aviculopecten  lautus  var.  ithacensis  n.  var.,  Pl.  i,  fig.  3. 

The  specimen  on  which  this  variety  is  based  differs  from  A. 
lautus,  figured  by  Hall,  in  having  the  beak  prominent,  the 
hinge  line  much  shorter  than  the  width  of  the  shell,  very  dis- 
tin(5l  concentric  striae,  and  only  a  portion  of  the  strong  rays  with 
!  intermediate  finer  ones. 

The  left  valve  has  a  width  of  nine-twentieths  and  a  height 
[of  two-fifths  of  an  inch. 

From  the  Portage  at  the  foot  of  Ithaca  falls. 

\Aflinopteria  sp.  • 

Specimens  of  this  genus  are  common  through  the  Ithaca  group 
md  upper  Portage.  Prof.  Hall  has  described  ten  species  of 
\ninopteria  from  Ithaca.  The.se  probably  represent  variations 
)f  two  or  three  species.  All  I  have  seen  I  have  been  able  to 
refer  to  the  three  following  species: — 

Xflinopteria  tenuistriata  Hall. 

A  few  specimens  from  the  Portage  and  the  lower  part  of  the 
tthaca  group  are  referred  to  this  species. 

Aflinopteria  boydi  Hall. 

Typical  specimens  of  this  .species  are  abundant  at  Tiiphammer 
and  other  localities  in  the  upper  Ithaca  fauna. 

Ailinopteria  perstr talis  Hall. 

Specimens  referred  to  this  species  are  common  in  the  Portage 
and  Ithaca  rocks. 


oup. 
4- 


One  sp*-'^^ 


species  are 


The  points  of  difference  made   by    Hall   between   his   Ithaca 
l^cies  of  AFlinopteria,  are  shown  in  the  following  synopsis  of 
eir  chara(5lers: — 

Analytical  key  to  the  species  of  Aflinopteria. 

Body  nearly  ere<5l,  broadly  ovate;  hinge  line  extended. 

Concentric  striae  crenulating  the  rays  and  bending  back  in 

the  interspaces.  Aflinopteria  seta. 

Concentric  striae  not  crenulating  the  rays  nor  bending  back 

in  the  interspaces;  form  quadrate.         A.  tenuistriata. 


Wi'iri'  r-  ""-'■• 


46 


BULLETIN   6 


46 


B.  Body  not  very  obli^^^^  ^^  .,  ^Hch  curve  backward 

/?  Surface  marked  by  con 

between  the  radu.  interstitial  adauions. 

-      ;^,  Itrong  radii,  usually  without  u  ^^^,^, 

'       '      '*"":  f  ;ked  by  concentnc  strte  which  curve  back- 
B.  Surface  not  marHea  oy 

ward  between  the  faa»-  interspaces. 

,S'/    Strong  elevated  rays  and  wider  ^.  ,^„/„„. 

&2.  Radii,  fine.  ^  o  ^jth  the  hinge. 

.      /i'/.  Body  at  an  angle  of  about  o  ^    ^^,^^^ 

f    w.i,t  A.^'  with  the  hinge. 

%rsLu  :»ito;' :— -'^^>'  -r:;^-w.. 

,..  SheU  of  .ediun,  s..e.  rhomboMal,  body^brc«dU 
ovate. 
^-  nUrE*interr„pted  and  undu.atU.g.       A.  kapp.. 

Crustacea. 

Phacops  rana  Hall.        ^       ^  ^^^^^^^y    Ui   the   Ithaca 

This  species  is  abundant  at  a  smg 
group,  station  8-4. 

Mesothyra  oceani  Hall. 

This  is  a  rare  species  m  the  Portage  g 

Vertebrata. 

Pisces. 


Dipterm  ithacemis  H.  S.  W-  ^^   §.  Williams. 

U)wer  Ithaca  group  and  Ithaca  snaie. 


11 


46 


47 


Ithaca  Group 


47 


backward 

lilions. 
A.  boydi. 

about  55°- 

A.  theta. 
an  angle  o\ 

A.  eta. 
curve  back- 

:S. 

A.  epsilon. 

hinge. 
A.  delta. 
t  hinge, 
ovate. 
,  perstrialh. 
body   broadly 
A.  iota. 

A.  kappa. 


hi   the   Ithaca 


5.  Williams. 


Plants. 

Plumidina  plumaria  Hall. 

This  species  occurs  abundantly  at  many  localities  in  the  Ithaca 
group.  I  have  also  found  it  in  the  upper  Spirifer  Icevh  fauna 
at  Glen  wood. 

Psilophyton  princeps  Dawson. 

Common  in  the  Ithaca  shale  and  Portage  group. 

Rachiopteris  punctata  Dawson. 

Occurs  in  the  Ithaca  shale. — H.  S.  Williams. 

\Lepidodendron  .sp. 

Fragments  of  a  species  of  Lepidodendron  have  been  found  in 
I  the  Ithaca  group  at  station  8-4. 


Typicai,  Chemung  Fauna. 

The  Chemung  fauna  does  not  occur  in  any  of  the  Ithaca  sec- 
tions, but  the  following  list  represents  it  at  the  typical  locality, 
near  Chemung  village,  as  determined  by  Prof.  Williams*: — 

Orthis  tiogay  Streptorhynchiis  chemungensis,  Aviculopenen  pec- 
tenifortnis  Hall,  Pterinea  chemiingensis  (Con.)  H.  S  W.,  Stro- 
phodonta  cayuta,  S.  dentissa,  ProduHella  lachrymosa  var.  lima,  P. 
costatnla,  Spirifer  disjunflus,  Amboavlia  timbonata  var.  gregaria, 
Atrypa  reticularis,  Rhynchonella  contraHa,  Leiorhynchus  sinuatiis, 
L.  mesacostalis,  Cryptonella  eudora,  Pteronites  spinigeriis  Con., 
Pterinta  protexta  Con.,  Aviaila  muUilineata  Con.,  Cypricardites 
XGoniophora)  chemungensis,  Schizodus  {Nuculites)  chemiingensis 
(Con.  ),  Grammy sia  subarcuata  H.  &  Whit. 

The  rare  species  are  Chonetes  setigera,  C.  illinoisensisf ,  Pleuro- 
iomaria  capillaria,  Euomphalus  sp. ,  Collonema  sp. ,  Rhynchonella 
mppho,  Orthis  michelini  L'Ev.  (if  distinct  from  O.  vaniixemi), 
trlyptodesma  sp. ,  Bellerophon  mara,  Platyceras  sp.,  Cyclonema  sp., 
Orthis  carinata,  O.  leonensis,  Knorria  sp. ,  Cladochonus  sp. ,  Stro- 
ffhodonta  perplana  var.  nenvsa,  Taxocrinus  ithacensis,  Gomphoce- 
ius  sp. ,  spirifer  Jimbriata,  ''Fucoides  graphica,''  Spirifer  mesa- 
^stalis  (2d  var.),  Atrypa  aspera,  Orthis  impressa  (wide  var.), 
\hynchoneUa  orbindaris,  Discina  grandis,  Mytilarca  chemungensis. 

J*lJull.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  No.  3. 


48 


Bulletin  6 


48 


PART  IV. 


Summary. 


W' 


The  detailed  lists  of  the  preceding  pages  show  that  we  have 
represented  here  four  faunas.  The  work  of  Dr.  H.  S.  Williams* 
has  left  little  to  be  done  in  determining  their  composition  and 
order  of  sequence.  The  efforts  of  the  writer  have  therefore  been 
directed  toward  ascertaining  the  extreme  limits  of  the  vertical 
range  of  the  several  species  beyond  their  zone  of  culmination,  by 
a  minute  study  of  .several  sections.  A  precise  knowledge  of  the 
vertical  range  of  the  dominant  species  of  a  fauna  is  very  essen- 
tial to  a  corre(5l  interpretation  of  its  hi.story.  If  the  principal 
spec  es  of  a  fauna  can  be  shown  to  be  entirely  ab.sent  from  the 
beds  below  it,  then  it  may  be  con;;:dered  a  migratory  fauna. 
The  scarcity  of  the  principal  rep'-esentatives  of  a  fauna  below 
their  horizon  of  culmination  might  give  a  locally  developed  fau- 
na the  appearance  of  having  migrated  into  a  region. 

The  principal  result  of  this  study  has  been  to  extend  the 
vertical  range  of  some  of  the  well  known  species  of  these  fau- 
nas, and  to  determine  more  definitely  that  of  others.  The  range 
of  a  number  of  these  is  shown  by  the  table.  B>'  reference  to  tlie 
same,  it  will  be  seen  that  two  of  the  most  abundant  and  char 
adleristic  Portage  .species,  Glyptocardia  speciosa  and  Lunuliav- 
dium  fragile,  have  been  found  in  the  midst  of  the  Ithaca  group. 
One  of  the  most  interesting  of  such  forms  h^r^—Spinfer  lievis— 
has  been  found  no  feet  below  the  well  known  zone  at  the  ba.se 
of  Ithaca  falls.  Some  of  the  .species  of  the  Ithaca  fauna  not 
previously  known  below  it,  have  been  found  in  the  Portage 
rocks.  One  of  the  mo.st  interesting  of  these  is  Ryhnchondla 
puiimis  Martin,  which  I  have  found  at  station  7-5.  '  Plumulina 
plumaria  has  been  found  at  a  few  localities  as.sociated  with 
Spirifer  hevis  near  the  middle  of  the  Portage. 

The  number  of  -.current  Hamilton  fossils  previously  known 
from  the  Ithaca  group  has  been  increased  by  the  discovery  of  , 
some  additional  species.  These  are  Phacops  rana,  which  occurs  f 
abundantly  in  a  single  layer  in  the  Ithaca  group  (station  8-4). 
Ortlns  vanuxetni,  also  abundant  at  a  single  locality  (.station  6-1), 
Modiomorp/ia  mytiloides,  Nuailites  friqucter,  Strophodo7ita  perplami. 
Phthonia  cvlindrica. 


Bull.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  No.  3.  -'- 


-it 


49 


Ithaca  Group 


49 


A  comparison  of   the    Ithaca  and    Portage  faunas  shows  that 
nearly  all  of  the  typical  Portage  species  occur,  though  less  -rbuncl- 
antly,  in  the  Ithaca  fauna.     Some  of  the  most  abundant  species 
of    the    Ithaca    fauna,    Cyrtina   liamiltoncnsis    and   Strophodonta 
mucronata,  are  present  in  the  Portage.     A  few  of  the  most  dis- 
tinctive species  of   the    Ithaca   fauna  as  Cryptonella  iitdora   and 
Spirifcr  mrsacostalis,  are  not  found  in  the  Portage  and  the  Ith- 
aca shale.     The  prevalence  of   the    Ithaca  shale  conditions  and 
the  Li)ii^ula  fauna  probably  led  to  the  .shifting  of  some  of  the 
Portage  species,  since  they  appear  to  be  absent  from  the  Ithaca 
shale;  with  the  return  o£  .sandy  sediments,  the  Portage  species, 
[some  of  which  were  thinned  almo.st  to  extniclion.  were  accom- 
panied by  Hamilton  species  which  were  probably  derived  from 
ithe  east  and  by  others  not   before  known  from  the  New  York 
(sy.stem,  giving  rise  to  the  co.smopolitan  Ithaca  fauna. 

An  examination  of  the  Chemung  fauna  also  reveals  its  close 
I  relationship  to  the  Ithaca  fauna.  Several  of  the  species  are 
i  common  to  both.  There  is,  however,  a  smaller  per  cent,  of 
species  common  to  the  Chemung  and  Ithaca,  than  of  those  com- 
mon to  the  latter  and  the  Portage  fauna.  This  together  with 
tlie  fa(5l  that  Portage  species  occur  in  the  Ithaca  group,  and 
that  a  typical  Portage  fauna  occurs  above  the  ithaca,  seem  to 
indicate  that  the  latter  has  a  closer  relationship  to  the  Portage 
and  shouldbe  classed  in  the  Portage  epoch. 

A    LlvST   OF   THE    MORE    IMPORTANT    PAPERS    AND    WORKS    CON- 
SULTED IN  THE  Preparation  of  this  Work. 


1538.  Hall,  Jas.     2d   Ann'l    Rep't   4th  Geol.   Dist.  of   N.   Y., 
pp.  287-373. 

1539.  Conrad,  T.  A.     2d  Ann'l  Rep't  Geol.  Surv.  of  N.  Y., 
vol.  iii,  pp.  57-60. 

1 84 1.     Conrp'i,  T.  A.     5th  Ann'l  Rep't  on  the  Paleont.  Dep't, 

Geol,  Surv.  of  N.  Y.,  vol.  v,  pp.  25-57. 
[842.     Conrad,  T.  A.     Obs.  on  Sil.  &  Dev.  Systems  of  U.  S.. 

with  descriptions  of  new  organic  remains;  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.  Phila. ,  vol.  viii,  part  ii,  pp.  228-280. 
J42.     Hall,  Jas.     Explanation  of  two  sedtions  at  Portage:  Amer. 

Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  xlv,  pp.  329-330. 
$43.     Hall,  Jas.     Surv.  4th  Geol.  Dist.  of  N.  Y.,  pp.  224-227, 

414-449.  ._._^  _   - 

J46,     De  Verneiiil,  Ed.     Note  sur  le  parallelisme  des  roches 


'■■■-.gfe. 


\q 


50 


Bn.LKTIN   6 


50 


il 


des  (lc])ots  ixileo/ouiuts  de  rAniericiite  septentrioiiale  avec 
ceiix  de  I'luirope,  suivie  d'un  tableau  des  espcces  fossils 
comimines  aux  deux  continents,  avec  1' indication  des  etages 
on  elles  se  rencontrent,  et  terminee  par  un  exanien  criti<|ue 
de  chacune  deces  especes. — Hulletin  de  la  vSociete  de  France, 
2e  serie.  t.  iv,  p.  646-710. 

1S4.S.  Conrad,  T.  A.  Descriptions  of  new  species  of  fossils,  re- 
cent shells  and  corals;  Proc.  Acad.  Xat.  Sci.  Phila.,  vol.  iii, 
pp.  19-27. 

1S52.     Hall.  Jas.     Paheontology  of  N.  V.,  vol.  ii. 

1S57.  Hall,  Jas.  De.scriptions  of  Paheo/oic  fo.ssils;  loth  Ann! 
Rep't  N.  Y.  State  Cabinet  Xat.  Hist.,  pp.  41-180. 

185S.  Bigsby,  J.  J.  On  the  PaUeozoic  basin  of  the  State  of  New 
York.  Par/  I. — A  synoptical  view  of  the  niineralogical  and 
fossil  characlers  of  the  Pakeozoic  strata  of  the  State  of  New 
York;  Quart.  Jour.  (xoel.  vSoc,  vol.  xiv,  pp.  .^35-427, 

1 858.  Bigsby,  J.  J.  Part  II. — Classification  of  the  Pakeozoic 
strata  of  the  State  of  New  York;  Quart.  Jour.  Geol.  Soc., 
vol.  xiv,  pp.  427-452. 

1859.  Big.sby,  J.  J.  Part  III. — An  inquiry  into  the  .sedimen- 
tary and  other  external  relations  of  the  Pakeozoic  fos.sils  of 
the  State  of  New  York;  Quart.  Jour.  Geol.  Soc,  vol.  xv. 

PP-  251-335- 
i860.     Hall,  Jas.      13th  Ann'l  Rer  t  N.  Y.  State  Cabinet  Nat. 
Hist. 

i86i.  Hall,  Jas.  14th  Ann'l  Rep't  N.  Y.  State  Cabinet  Nat. 
Hist. 

1862.  Dawson,  J.  W.  On  the  flora  of  the  Devonian  period  in 
northeastern  North  An^erica;  Quart.  Jour.  Geol.  Soc.,  vol. 
xviii,  pp.  296-530. 

1863.  Hall,  Jas.  Descriptions  of  new  species  of  Brachiopoil:i 
from  the  Upper  Helderberg,  Hamilton  and  Chemung  groups: 
1 6th  Ann'l  Rep't  N.  Y.  vState  Cabinet  Nat.  Hist.,  pp.  19-^^^ 

1867.  Hall.  Jas.     Pakecmtology  of  New  York,  vol.  iv. 

1868.  Hall,  Jas.  2oth  Ann'l  Rep't  N.  Y.  State  Cabinet  Nat 
Hist. 

1870.  Hall,  Jas.  Prelim.  Notice  of  Lamel.,  &c.,  part  ii;  pp.  i 
96. 

1873.  Hall,  Jas.  23d  Ann'l  Rep't  N.  Y.  State  Cabinet  Nat 
Hist. 

1874.  Pitt,  W.  H.     New  Gramrnvsia;  Bull.   Buffalo  Soc.   Nat 


50 


51 


Ithaca  (iRorp 


51' 


Divale  avec 
ces  fossils 
des  etagcs 
eii  criti(iut 
de  Friiiice, 

fossils,  re- 
ila.,  vol.  iii, 


lotli  Ann'l 
8o. 

i^tate  of  New 
ralogical  and 
State  of  New 

5-427- 

:he  PaltEO/oic 

.  Geol.  S(K., 

the  sedimen- 
^zoic  fossils  of      ll 
Soc,   vol.  XV. 

t  Cabinet  Nat.    | 

e  Cabinet  Nat. 

onian  period  m 
aeol.  Soc.,  vol. 

of   Brachiopoda 
heniung  groups;  | 
Hist.,  pp.  i9-^^' 
vol.  iv. 
ate  Cabinet  Nat. 

:c.,  part  ii;  PP-  '  : 
ate  Cabinet   Nat 
Buffalo  Soc.  Nat 


vSci.,  vol.  i. 
1.S75.     Hall,  Jas.     27th  Ann'l  Rep't  N.   V.  State  Cabinet  Nat. 

Hist. 
1876.     Hall,  Jas.     ^illustrations  of  Devonian  fos.sils. 

1879.  Hall,  Jas.     Paheontology  of  New  York.  vol.  v.  part  ii. 

1880.  Lesquereux,  Leo.  Coral  flora  of  the  Pennsjlvania  Coal 
Mea.sures;  2d  Cieol.  Surv.  Penna.,  vol.  P. 

1880.  Williams.  H.  S.  Palitontological  Researches;  Science, 
vol.  i.  No.  16.  p.  190. 

1880.  Williams,  H.  S.  Some  pakeontological  studies  on  the  life 
lystory  of  Spirifer  /trvis  H.;  Proc  Amer.  A.ssoc.  Adv.  Sci., 
vol.  xxix;  Amer.  Jour.  Sci..  3d  .ser.,  vol.  xx,  pp   456-459. 

i88r.  Williams,  H.  S.  Channel  fillings  in  the  Upper  Devoni- 
an; Amer.  Jour.  Sci..  3d  .ser.,  vol.  xxi,  pp.  318-320. 

188 1.  Williams.  H.  S.  The  recurrence  of  faunas  in  the  Devo- 
rocks  of  New  York;  Proc.  Amer.  A.s.soc.  Adv.  Sci.,  vol.  xxx, 
pp.  1 86- 1 91. 

188 1.  Williams,  H.  S.  On  fish  remains  from  the  Upper  Devo- 
nian; Proc.  Amer.  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci.,  vol.  xxx,  p.  192. 

1 88 1.  Daw.son,  J.  W.  Notes  on  new  £)rian  (Devonian)  plants; 
Quart.  Jour.  Geol.  vSoc.  vol.  xxxvii,  pp.  299-308. 

1 1882.     Dawson.  J.  W.     Recent  discoveries  in  the  Erian  (Devo- 

vonian)  flora  of  the  United  States;  Amer.  Jour.  Sci.,  3d  .ser.. 

vol.  xxiv,  pp.  338-345- 

[882,     Williams,   H.   S.     New  crinoids    from    the  rocks  of   the 

Chemung  period  of  New  York;  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.. 

PP-  17-34- 
(882.     Williams    H.  vS.     The  undulations   of   the   rock    masses 
across   central    New    York;  Proc.   Amer.   A.ssoc.   Adv.  Sci., 
vol.  xxxi,  p.  412. 

1882.  Williams,  H.  S.  Catalogue  of  the  Fo.ssils  of  the  Che- 
mung period  of  North  America,     Ithaca,  N.  Y. 

|882.     Clarke,  J.  M.     New  phyllopod  crustaceans  from  the  De- 
vonian of   western    New    York;  Amer.  Jour.  Sci.,  3d   ser., 
xxiii,  pp.  476-478. 
583.     Williams,  H.  S.     On  a  remarkable  fauna  at  the  base  of 
the  Chemung   group    in    New    York;  Amer.  Jour.  Sci.,  3d 
.sen,  vol.  XXV,  pp.  97-104. 
J83.     Clarke,  J.    M.     New  di.scoveries  in    Devonian  cru.stacea: 
Amer.  Jour.  Sci.,  3d  ser.,  vol.  xxv,  pp.  120-125. 
1883.     Daw.son,  J.  W.     On  rhizocarps  in    the    Paleozoic  period; 


aMMMl 


52 


Bulletin  6 


52 


Proc.  Amer.  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci.,  vol.  xxxii.  pp.  260-264. 

1884.  Hall.  Jas.  Pakeontology  of  New  York,  vol.  v,  part  i, 
sedl.  I.  Moiioniyaria. 

US84.  Will-ams.  H.  S.  On  the  fossil  faunas  of  the  Upper  De- 
vonian along  the  meridian  of  76°  30',  from  Tompkins  count> , 
New  York,  to  Bradford  county.  Pennsylvania;  Bull.  U.  vS, 
Oeol.  vSurv.,  No.  3. 

18H4.  Ringueberg,  E.  N.  S.  A  new  Dinichthys  from  the  Port- 
age group  of  western  New  York;  Amer.  Jour.  Sci.,  3d  .ser., 
vol.  xxvii,  pp.  476-478.     {    ■      ■;'    ;  .   ;-- 

18.S4.  Hall,  Jas.  Preliminary  notice  of  the  lamellibraii^hiate 
shells  of  the  Upper  Helderlierg.  Hamilton  and  Chemung 
groups,  part  i;  35th  Ann'l  Rep't  N.  Y.  State  Mus.  Nat. 
Hist.,  py.  215-406. 

1S84.  Williams,  H.  S.  On  a  crinoid  with  movable  spines: 
Proc.  Amer.  Phil.  Soc.,  vol.  xxi.  pp.  81-88.  pi. 

1885.  Williams,  H.  S.  A  revision  of  the  Cayuga  Lake  section 
of  the  Devonian;  Proc.  Amer.  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci.,  p.  215; 
Amer.  Jour.  Sci.,  3d  ser..  vol.  xxxii,  p.  321. 

1885.     Clarke,  J.  M.     A  brief  outline  of  the  geological  succes 

.sion  in  Ontario  county.  New  York;    to  accompany  a  maj); 

Ann'l  Rep't  State  Geol.,  1884,  pp.  2-22,  map. 
1885.     On  the  higher  Devonian  faunas  of  Ontario  county,  New 

York;  Bull.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  No.  16,  pp.  1-86,  pis.  1-3. 
1885.     Hall,  Jas.     Palaeontology  of   New  York.   vol.   v.  part  i, 

se(5l.  2,  Dimyaria. 
1885.     Hall,  Jas.     Note  on   the  intimate  relations  of   the  Cli 

mung  group  and  Waverly  sand.stone  in  northwestern  Peini 

sylvania  and  southwestern  New  York;  Proc.   Amer.   Assoc. 

Adv.  Soc,  vol.  xxxiii,  pp.  416-419. 
1885.     Newberry,  J.  S.     Some  peculiar  screw-like  fossils   from 

the  Chemung  rocks;  Annals  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci.,  vol.  iii,  pp 

33-34- 

1885.  Beecher,  C.  E.,  Hall.  J.  W.  and  C.  E.  Notes  on  tlu 
Oneonta  .sand.stone  in  the  vicinity  of  Oxford,  Chenann' 
county,  New  York;  5th  Ann'l  Rep't  N.  Y.  State  Geol.,  p.  n 

1886.  Wilhams,  H.  S.     Devonian    Lamellibranchiata    and    spi 
cies  making;  Amer.  Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  xxxii,  pp.  192-199. 

1886.     Williams,  H.  S.     On  the  classification  of  the  Upper  IH 
vonian;  Proc.  Amer.  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci.,  vol.  xxxiv,  pp.  .^.'- 

■:-^^    234.  .  ,,^,^,.    ^_. 


— Jl 


52 


53 


Ithaca  Group 


53 


1-264. 
V,  part  I. 

lTpj)er  l)t 
ins  coimtN , 
Bull.  U.  S 

m  the  Port 
id.,  3d  ser.,     I 

lihrail^hiati 
d  Chenumi; 
Mus.   Nat 

,'able    spines 

Lake  section 
Sci.,  p.   215 

ogical  succes 
bpauy  a  may. 

3  county,  New 
S6,  pis.  1-3- 
vol.  V.  part  i 

IS  of   the  Cli 
iwestern  Pemi 

Amer.   As>"c. 

ke  fossils   from 
3ci..  vol.  iii,  1>V 

Notes  on  lli^ 
ford,  Chenanji' 
LateGeol..  p.  " 
:hiata  and  spe 
)p.  192-199-  ,^ 

f  the  Upper  1'^^    '^ 
.  xxxiv,  pp-  22- 


1HH6.  Williams.  H.  vS.  Notes  on  the  fossil  fishes  of  the  Oen- 
e.see  and  Portage  black  shales;  Bull.  Buffalo  Soc.  Nat.  S<:i.. 
vol.  V,  No.  [,  pp.  Hi -84. 

iSSj.  Clarke,  J.  M.  Annelid  teeth  from  the  lower  part  of  the 
Hamilton  group  and  from  the  Naples  .shales  of  Ontario 
county,  New  York;  6th  Ann'l   Rep't  State  Geol.,  pp.  30-32. 

18H7.  Williams,  H.  S.  On  the  fos.sil  faunas  of  the  Upper  De- 
vonian— the  Genesee  section,  New  York;  Bull.  U.  S.  Geol. 
Surv.,  No.  41,  pj).  1-121,  pis.  1-4. 

1H.S7.  Williams,  H.  S.  A  revision  of  the  Cayuga  Lake  .sedlion 
of  the  Devonian;  Proc.  Amer.  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci.,  vol.  xxxv, 
p.  215. 

1S.S7.  Williams,  H.  vS.  The  vStrophomenidae;  a  palaeontological 
study  of  the  method  of  initiation  of  genera  and  species; 
Proc.  Amer.  Assoc.  Adv.  vSci..  vol.  xxxv,  p.  227. 

1S88.  Ashburner,  C.  A.  Petroleum  and  natural  gas  in  New 
York  State:  Trans.  Amer.  Inst.  Min.  Engineers,  vol.  xvi,  p. 

495- 
isss.     Pro.sser,  C.  S.     The   Upper    Hamilton  of   Chenango  and 

Otsego  C(mnties;  Proc.  Amer.  A.ssoc.   Adv.  Sci.,  vol.  xxxvi, 

p.  210. 
iSSS.     Hall.  Jas.  and  Clarke,  J.  M.     Palaeontology  of  New  York. 

vol.  vii,  text  and  plates. 
18S.S.     Williams,   H.  S.     The  different   types  of   the   Devonian 

vSystem  in  North  America;  Amer.  Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  xxxv,  pp. 

51-60. 

1889.  Clarke.  J.  M.  The  genus  Bronteus  in  the  Chemung 
rocks  of  New  York;  8th  Ann'l  Rep't  State  Geol.,  pp.  57-59- 

.1889.     Williams,  H.  S.     On  the  relation  of  the  Devonian  faunas 
of  Iowa;  Amer.  Geol.,  vol.  iii,  pp.  230-233. 

1890.  Williams,  H.  S.  The  Cuboides  zone  and  its  fauna;  a  dis- 
cu.ssion  of  methods  of  correlation;  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  of  Amer., 
pp.  481-500,  pis.  1 1- 13. 

1890.  Hall,  Jas.  On  the  genus  Spirifera  and  its  interrelations 
with  the  genera  Spiriferina,  Syringothyris,  Cyrtia  and  Cyr- 
tina:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  of  Amer.,  vol.  i,  pp.  567-568. 

1890.  Hall,  Jas.  New  forms  of  Dictyospongidse  from  the  rocks 
of  the  Chenunig  group;  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  of  Amer.,  vol,  i, 
pp.  22-23. 

[890.  Prosser,  C.  S.  The  thickness  of  the  Devonian  and  Silu- 
rian rocks  of  western  central  New  York;  Amer.  Geol.,  vol. 
vi,  pp.  199-201. 


'^.^^m 


54 


Bulletin  6 


54 


1891.  Prosser,  C.  S.  The  j^eological  jx)sitioti  of  the  Catskill 
group;  Amer.  Geol.,  vol.  vii,  pp.  351-366. 

1891  Williams,  H.  S.  Correlation  papers — Devonian  and  Car 
boniferous;  Bull.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  No.  80,  pp.  1-279. 

1892.  Pros.ser,  C.  S.  Thickne.ss  of  Devonian  and  Silurian  rocks 
of  western  New  York;  Proc.  Kocli.  Acad.  Sci. ,  vol,  ii,  pj). 
49-104. 

1892.  Prosser,  C.  S.  The  Devonian  system  of  eastern  Penn- 
sylvania; Amer.  Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  xliv,  pp.  210-221. 

1893,  Darton,  N.  H.  The  stratigraphic  relations  of  the  One- 
cnta  and  Chemung  formations  in  eastern  central  New  York, 
Amer.  Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  xlv,  pp.  203-200. 

1593.  Prosser,  C.  S.  The  thickness  of  the  Devonian  and  Silu 
rian  rocks  of  central  New  York;  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  of  Amer., 
vol.  iv,  pp.  91- 1  iS. 

1893.  Stevenson.  J.  J.  U.se  of  the  name  "Catskill";  Amer. 
Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  xlvi,  pp.  330-337. 

1594.  Pros.ser.  C.  S.  The  Devonian  .sy.stem  of  eastern  Petm- 
sylvania  and  New  York;  Bull.  U.  S.  C^eol.  Surv.,  No.  120. 


\r'S 


:0:- 


%■ 


54 

le   Catskill 

11  and  Car- 

-279-     ^ 
urian  rocks 

vol.  ii,  PP-     ^3 

tern    Penn 

f   the  One- 
New  York. 

in  and  Silu- 
..  of  A.mer., 

:iU";  Anier. 

istern  Penn- 
r.,  No.  I20. 


Plate  I. 


Iflf-"' --***■ '^•*' 


mm 


56 


KlLLETlN   6 


56 


"h\ 


wu'i 


EXPLAXATIOX   OK    PLATE    I, 


(I) 


Page. 

Fig.  I.  Bellcrophon  it/iaansis  n.  sp. ,  X2 39.  39. 

Dorsal  view. 

2.  Bellcrophon  itlnurnsis  n.  sp.,  X2 39,  39. 

Showing  part  of  peristome. 

3.  Aviculopccloi  laittns  var.  it/iaansis  n.  var. ,  X2..   45,  45. 

Left  valve. 


mi 


•'(  -  i'if 


1-^     ' ' 


-r 


{■mcr.  Ar-(2.cont.  vf/ 


x: 


a 


